The African Of African Diaspora Essay - 1382 Words

Over the course of four months, through my African World Survey class, I have seen a glimpse of five thousand years of African history unfold. Before entering the class, my expectations from the course was to learn where did my people come from and how did they live. Within the time I spent in the first class, I soon realized that these two questions did not have simple answers to them. Among this discovery, I learned that people in the African Diaspora makeup every aspect of the human race whether we realize it or not. Through the teachings in class and from the readings from the text, â€Å"Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora†, I am now knowledgeable on how race, rebellions, and the resilience of people from the African diaspora has changed the entire course of humanity as we know it and all it would ever be. â€Å"Antiquity reminds us that modernity could not have been predicted, that Africans were not always under the heel but were in fact at the forefront of human civilization.† (Chapter 1 p.8) To begin the journey of the African diaspora, there must first be an intricate investigation on the cultures in Africa. As we know Africa makes up fifty-four countries with well over a thousand ethnic groups who often has there own language, rituals, and traditions that are practiced and have been practiced for centuries. To understand each tribe’s mission would be impossible but in this course, I have learned about the humble of beginnings of that which we call Africa.Show MoreRelatedThe African Of African Diaspora1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of the world is indeed, considered the study of African Diaspora. The term diaspora is commonly known to mean a settling of scattered colonies of people from their home country to another place. The study of African Diaspora represen ts a growth industry. Slavery has been a common theme throughout history. To conquer the oppression and adversity usually set into place for those whom are forced to leave their homeland, resiliency is essential. Humanity has molded and shaped the progress ofRead MoreThe African Of African Diaspora1329 Words   |  6 Pages The African diaspora also known as the forced movement of primarily Western Africans to various parts of the globe including the Americas, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. One of the most influential sectors of the African diaspora was the Trans-Atlantic trade route. According to PBS’ How Many Slaves Landed in the U.S.? â€Å"Between 1525 and 1866, in the entire history of the slave trade to the New World, according to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, 12.5 million Africans were shipped to theRead MoreAfrican Authors And The African Diaspora1455 Words   |  6 PagesAnglophone Literature – Long Paper 1 African Authors and the African diaspora in the Colonist Countries This paper explores and analyses the ways in which African writers portray the African diaspora living outside of Africa in the colonial nations; of which England and France would be primary examples. The primary sources for the analyses focus on the text Our Sister Killjoy by Aidoo. House of Hunger by Marechera has been used as a secondary reference. The paper presents the various reactionsRead MoreNigerian Diaspora And The African Diaspora1256 Words   |  6 PagesI am a part of the Nigerian diaspora, one of the millions of Nigerians living in a foreign nation. I moved to the United States at the age of 8 and since then, the Nigerian culture I had known and brought with me has changed and adapted to the dominant culture of the USA. Many Nigerian families and communities abroad are faced with the same internal struggle of holding onto their traditional cultural values, while ensuring enough adaptation into the dominant culture. Due to the diversity of nationsRead MoreDefining Of T he African Diaspora1930 Words   |  8 PagesDefining African Diaspora When defining Diaspora, many aspects can come to mind. The topic of Diaspora usually brings to mind certain ethnic groups, but that of African and African-Americans typically are not considered. Diaspora is defined as â€Å"To refer to migrants who settle in distant lands and produce new generations, all the while maintaining ties of affection with and making occasional visits to each other and their homeland.† Usually those of Jewish heritage are known for Diaspora, but aroundRead MoreThe Concept of the African Diaspora640 Words   |  3 Pagesconcept of the African Diaspora has received a lot of attention from the general public as a result of the complex ideas that it puts across. There are a series of notable figures from the nineteenth century who proved that the African Diaspora would have a significant influence on the Western World, considering that these people were determined to express their passion in regard to their background and to their overall role on the A merican continent. The concept of the African Diaspora goes back severalRead More African Diaspora Essay2370 Words   |  10 Pagessimple terms, the Diaspora as a concept, describes groups of people who currently live or reside outside the original homelands. We will approach the Diaspora from the lenses of migration; that the migration of people through out of the African continent has different points of origin, different patterns and results in different identity formations. Yet, all of these patterns of dispersion and germination/ assimilation represent formations of the Diaspora. My paper will focus Read MoreThe Conflict Of African Diaspora1616 Words   |  7 Pagesetc. According to Wendy W. Walters, â€Å"for Phillips the concept of Diaspora refuses to rest on a false binary between home and exile, and his work repeatedly mines the complicated archives of both black and white histories of slavery, exposing their endlessly interrelated natures† (112). Caryl Phillips as a black Briton traces many complex meanings of the terms Diaspora. The term African Diaspora is applied to dislocation of African people to other parts of the world. It is also applied for the descendantsRead MoreThe Exploitation Of Africans And Members Of The African Diaspora1635 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout American history, the exploitation of Africans and members of the African diaspora continues as a controversial topic among cultural critics because of America’s unwillingness to accept the flaws of its past. Discussi ons on whether the sentiments of slavery still impact people of the African diaspora are intricate. Furthermore, the marginalization of people of the African Diaspora continues to complexify the issue. Social concepts in modern America such as education, nationhood, fact makingRead MoreEssay on African Diaspora1818 Words   |  8 Pageswhat is the African diaspora? (Who should be considered in the African diaspora? How is this like the black Atlantic and how is it different?). Students should use the Colin Palmer piece to answer this question. In its most recognizable form, the African diaspora refers to the many cultures and societies abroad that exist throughout the world as the result of the historic movement, mostly forced, of native Africans to other parts of the globe. Most specifically, the African diaspora is the blanket

Women s Rights By Henrik Ibsen - 1481 Words

Henrik Ibsen playwright supports the awareness of women s rights by creating female characters that represent the struggle for freedom from their restricted roles. After years of playing the role of a superficial doll, Nora converts into an assertive and determined woman. The true cause of Nora s transformation starts with a revolution within her. Ibsen dramatizes Nora s discovery of identity by means of various literary techniques. By the finale of the play, Nora has survived a deconstruction of a false sense of identity, by being a â€Å"doll†, and experiences an equally painful emergence of a new being, one barren of the social pressures and expectations that had haunted her for years. Through her myth of transformation, Nora proves to be an ideal tragic hero. This shows how Ibsen tried to changeup the view of women by the ending of A Dolls House. Ibsen s equally convincing portrayal of marital relationships should not be overlooked; his emphasis on the Victorian husband s attitude towards his wife is particularly telling. The extent to which Ibsen did directly sympathize with the feminists is still debated today, but this is largely irrelevant when considering his portrayal of women. The idea that Ibsen did indeed have a vivid insight into women s nature, and a passionate interest in the manner in which it was affected by society. The way Ibsen wrote his play would result in having most readers feel he feels men are above women. As the story is revealed and NoraShow MoreRelatedHerik Ibsen: Father of Modern Drama1459 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Shivany Condor Mrs. Besnard IB English HL2 21 November 2013 Henrik Ibsen as â€Å"The Father of Modern Drama† Henrik Ibsen has long been referred to as the Father of Modern Drama, and such title has rightly been given so. Mr. Ibsen was one of the pioneer theatre dramaturges that began the Modernism Movement, primarily known as the Realism Movement. Modernism/Realism was a revolutionary idea back in Ibsen s time. Many concepts of theater - including plots, dialogue, and characters – were renovatedRead MoreThe Feminist Movement Of Henrik Ibsen s Ibsen 1555 Words   |  7 PagesGranted that, Ibsen had disclosed that he was not consciously writing the play to support the feminist movement, nor did he have any intentions to motivate women to follow Nora’s footsteps. He actually had treated a Scandinavian who had followed Nora’s footsteps distastefully, and criticized her because she took her child when running away, instead of running away by herself (Templeton 35). The reason for his hypocritical attitude to the woman was to protect himself from the many critics that were Read MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House1563 Words   |  7 Pages In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of DomesticityRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1717 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Doll, a Partner, and a Change† Social movement of women liberation toward equal rights and independence has been a big subject in human history. It happens not only in Europe but also all over the world. Though making progress, this movement has been advancing slowly and encountered backslashes from time to time. Maybe there is something deeply hidden which the society has not figured out yet, even women themselves. What do women want, freedom or good life? Most of the time, they are notRead MoreBibo1025 Words   |  5 PagesFiction Brunnemer, Kristin. Sexuality in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House. In Bloom, Harold, ed. Human Sexuality, Blooms Literary Themes. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2009. Blooms Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. In this article, Kristin Brunnemer explores writer Henrik Ibsen and the transformation of Nora, the main character in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† (Brunnemer 1). There is much debate over whether Ibsen intended to promote feminism through hisRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll House Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesHenrik Ibsen’s play â€Å"A Doll House† was set in the Victorian era, a time where women were highly respected. Women in this time period did not work, they had nannies to take care of their children and maids to take care of their homes. Many women had no real responsibilities, they spent their time having tea parties and socializing with their friends. Henrik Ibsen dared to show the realism of the Victorian era while everyone else would only focus on the romantic aspect. In the play, â€Å"A Doll House†Read MoreThe Role Of Women During The Canterbury Tales By William Shakespeare And A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. â€Å"And the reality is that for a large bulk of human history, women have been treated as the subordinate to men and have not been given a voice†(David Splawn, 2015). Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to theRead MoreHedda Gabler by Ibsen977 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis of Ibsen#8217;s Hedda Gabler A spider becomes caught in it#8217;s own web. This is an example of an attempted manipulation that went awry. Hedda Gabler, by Henrik Ibsen, is a work about a woman who manipulates the fates of others in order to fulfill her own desires. The title character is a woman who has recently returned from a six month #8220;honeymoon#8221; with her groom, Tesman, a man whom she does not love. She yearns for freedom, but she feels as if she cannotRead MoreDemonstrating Womens Rights in Henrik Ibsens Play, A Doll House786 Words   |  3 Pageswomen’s rights in the late 1800’s. The playwright, Henrik Ibsen, uses this play as an instrument to open our eyes to a different view of what life was like for women back then. Many of his critics view his play as a demonstration of humanism, even though as the play evolves, the audience is able to distinguish how women wanted to be love, considered, and treated; instead of how they were actually interpreted. In 1879, in a quaint doll house lived a family and their house staff, a play by Henrik Ibsen:Read MoreNora s Escape From Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House Essay2552 Words   |  11 PagesTomlinson Ms Davis Honors Modern Literature 7 October 2016 Nora’s Escape Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House follows Nora’s struggles to escape the firm grasp of her domineering husband. Throughout the novel, Nora is depicted as obedient to her husband, Torvald, and never dares to stand up to him. Torvald’s condescension and thinly veiled misogyny continuously confines Nora to her strict 19th century gender role. The title of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House mirrors Nora’s sense of oppression and lack of agency

LOreal Expansion in China Case Study Report - 1458 Words

Introduction This report is based on the ‘L’Oreal: Expansion in China’ case study. L’Oreal is a successful French cosmetic company that involved into many different international markets. This report will discuss how L’Oreal gets into the Chinese cosmetic Market and the strategic to develop their brand in the Chinese market. L’Oreal acquires two famous Chinese cosmetic brands which are Yue-Sai and Mininurse. It is in order to entrance the market quickly and sales the most suitable products. The aim of this report is to define the challenge L’Oreal has been faced. Then it describes how L’Oreal managing their strategic in Chinese market. In addition, it gives an accommodation which could help L’Oreal overcoming these challenges.†¦show more content†¦So, the worlds leading cosmetics company L’Oreal buying two local cosmetics firms for a share of Chinas vanity cash. One is Mininurse and another is Yue Sai. These are two com petitive company is Chinese market as both of them are in the list of China’s top 10 cosmetics brands in 2002. Mininurse is one of the brands belong to Shenzhen Raystar Cosmetics Company. It set up by Li Zhida in 1989. Another company is called Yue-Sai Kan Cosmetics Ltd which founded in 1992. After the two acquisitions, L’Oreal group had 14 different brands in China in 2004. In order to manage these brands, L’Oreal set up a differential products and brands strategy to each brands. They called it â€Å"Pyramid Brand Structure†. There are four level of the pyramid included Luxury Products, Professional Products, Active Cosmetics and Consumer Products. This pyramid could ensure the marketing positioning for the 14 brands owned by L’Oreal. Challenge According to the situation mentioned above, L’Oreal’s strategy will lead them suffer from few of the challenges. There are three main challenges discussed in this report. Firstly, the acquired companies now work without their founders. Secondly, manage L’Oreal’s portfolio of products. Thirdly, it is hardly to manage lots of brands. Finally, it might have a problem about customer loyalty for local companies. Founder quit the business According to the agreement between L’Oreal and those two local companies, Li Zhida and Yue-Sai Kan who isShow MoreRelatedLoreal Market Entry Strategy India China5215 Words   |  21 PagesA Report on L’Oreal’s business and entry strategy in India and China Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi Submitted to : Dr Gautam Dutta Submitted by : Group 6 (Section B) Acknowledgement This report is prepared in subject International Marketing Management studied in third trimester in part time MBA (International Business). This report is prepared under guidance of Dr Gautam Dutta, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, NewRead MoreLOreal Global Brand Local Knowledge6832 Words   |  28 PagesJULY 29, 2011 REBECCA M. HENDERSON RYAN JOHNSON L’Orà ©al: Global Brand, Local Knowledge op yo You need a global brand, which is then adapted to the key markets on the key continents in order to offer consumers the right and relevant products, which is what unive ersalization is all about.1 — Jean-Paul Agon, CEO, 2010 tC Since its founding in 1909, L’Orà ©al tightly couple d innovation and speed to market with i o expansion of its geographic and consumer base.2 L’Orà © al believedRead MoreBurts Bees Market Opportunity Factors Essay752 Words   |  4 Pagesproducts market in 1991 with the creation of their Beeswax Lip Balm, which is still their leading bestseller. They expanded their business in 1991 by moving to North Carolina where they are still headquartered today. In 1999, they began their global expansion. In 2006, they began distributing their products to drugstores and other retail centers to allow the mass market the ability to buy natural made products. Burt’s Bees has several environmental and sustainability projects, and continuously works withRead MoreHbr Dove Case1653 Words   |  7 PagesMBA 240 Individual Case #2 11/2/2011 Dove’s Campaign for Real Beauty I. Executive Summary The Dove brand has been revitalized with the success of their â€Å"Real Beauty† campaign. Dove’s main goals are to continue to improve their brand image and gain market share. The key challenges facing top management to accomplish these goals are; building on the momentum the ‘Real Beauty’ campaign has generated, differentiating from their competition and modernizing their brand image. I am recommendingRead MoreMarketing Plan for for Herborist Cosmetic Company, China6508 Words   |  27 PagesChinese traditional herbal medicine (Herborist official website 2010). 1.2 Industry introduction 1.2.1 Market size and share According to the research from Li and Fung (2009), it shows that the cosmetics market of China has enjoyed a continuous growth over recent years and China has become the second largest cosmetics market in Asia nowadays. And meanwhile, Chinese consumers increasing purchasing power and more and more Chinese womens participation in the workforce have strengthened growth inRead MoreCosmetic Industry Analysis28098 Words   |  113 Pagesfallen, large financial institutions have collapsed and even governments have to come up with rescue planning to bail out their financial systems (referred Section 1.1, Figure 1). In this section, we are going to compare BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) and Asia Four Tiger’s (Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea) economy by presenting their GDP (Gross Domestic Product) real growth rate from year 2007 to 2009. Brazil is a emerging, large and well-developed in agricultural, miningRead MoreThe body shop3475 Words   |  14 Pagesself-esteem and save the earth . L’Oreal, world leader in cosmetics and beauty take over TBS in 2006. In UK, TBS is the second largest cosmetic franchise in the world; In Malaysia, it’s the number one personal-care brand. Firstly, the internal strengths of the TBS are it already has strong brand loyalty from customers and worldwide recognition from commitment to the community, environment to the protection of animals.. Secondly, TBS being a 100% subsidiary of L’Oreal so it appears to have an increaseRead MoreRadiant Cosmetics3405 Words   |  14 Pageswhich make themselves look younger and more charming. Major competitors for Radiant Inc. are L’oreal, Estee Lauder, Procter Gamble, and Avon Products. Radiant used to occupy around 10% of the U.S. market, but Radiant’s domestic market share shrank more than 1% in Furthermore, the global market share of Radiant Inc. also has been shrinking since Huge economies such as the European Union, Japan, China, and South Korea consume $170 billion of cosmetics and perfume The potential profits are soRead MoreInternation Business - Cosmetics Export Plan to China2786 Words   |  12 PagesMariaviola Bombagli Globalisation Integration Prof. Westbroek Individual Assignment February 1st, 2011 MakeX Natural Cosmetics Export Plan Bombagli M Abstract MakeX is a natural cosmetics company that plans on expanding its market to China. As the Chinese cosmetics market is proving to be one of the fastest growing businesses, it appears to be a good place for the company to start expanding internationally. In order to successfully conduct such business venture, MakeX has to developRead MoreMarketing and Aesop12007 Words   |  49 PagesInternational Marketing Plan: Aesop’s Expansion into Italy TBS982 Marketing in a Global Economy Patjira Aiemsumang 4304834 Natthanee Chatpahol 4230723 Cheuk Kin Jeremy Sin 4429448 Thanyaporn Theerawatphothong 4222490 July 22, 2013 Word Count: 6713 1. Executive Summary The cosmetic industry worldwide seems to be continuously developing, now more than ever with the advent of the Internet companies. Many famous companies sell their cosmetic products online also in countries in which they do

The Gilded Age Essay Research Paper Important free essay sample

The Gilded Age Essay, Research Paper Important Changes of the Gilded Age The alterations that occurred in the Gilded Age led to determining American into the world power and good respected international state that it is recognized as today. The most of import alterations were the find of utilizations of Cu, the assembly line production technique and the completion of the first transcontinental railway. The utilizations of Cu that were introduced during the Gilded Age allowed the development of necessities of life as we know it in the United States today. Because of its ability to convey electricity and sound, it is used in telephone and telegraph systems and electric lighting engineerings that were developed and introduced during the Gilded Age. It is about impossible to conceive of what our present twenty-four hours lives would be like without telephones, computing machines and other electronic devices that evolved from the innovations that developed from the find of utilizations of Cu during this great period. We will write a custom essay sample on The Gilded Age Essay Research Paper Important or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Henry Ford s usage of the assembly line in fabricating the first autos in big Numberss would last and germinate to being one of the most efficient techniques of fabricating otherwise complex and time-consuming merchandises. The assembly line, which is still in usage in many mills today, would cut the clip of production and would besides cut down the accomplishments necessary to construct and industry merchandises. Before the assembly line, for illustration, a merchandise would be crafted by a skilled individual who possessed the cognition of doing the merchandise. It would take a long clip to fabricate because the fabrication would be done entirely or by a few workers. The assembly line would hold a line of workers who would make merely one map of the fabrication procedure. For illustration, one worker would merely set on a tyre and that s what that one worker would make all twenty-four hours long. The assembly line would, in bend, require lone labourers, alternatively of skilled workers, to be used on the assembly line. Laborers would be paid much less than skilled workers and would work towards the maker s advantage. Ford s usage of this technique of labour direction would let him to do his 1000000s rapidly and expeditiously. This alteration in focal point of map alternatively of accomplishment would let efficient productiveness. Without the assembly line, mills today would run more easy and would hold much smaller end product than with the assembly line. Another alteration from the Gilded Age would be the completion and usage of the first transcontinental railway. Not merely was it functionally great, but it was symbolic besides. This would fall in the West and the E in a hebdomad s clip journey alternatively of taking several months. It was besides a symbolic alteration in that the East and West were eventually connected. The West would go a more accessible country for resources and colony. This was a proud accomplishment of the United States besides because of its ain illustriousness in length and size. The railwaies were a important portion of the industrialisation of the U.S. during this clip period. They were an of import portion of transit during these times. The Gilded Age gave birth to many of the corporations that exist today. The thoughts, innovations and finds of this clip were necessary for America to be where it is at today.

Othello The Greatest Tragedy Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Othello, The Greatest Tragedy Essay, Research Paper A Shakespearian calamity is one that encompasses many different elements. Shakespeare presents all of these elements stunningly in Othello. For a calamity to happen there are five conditions. The supporter, Othello in this instance, must see a decease or a entire loss of ranking in society. The audience must besides be captured by the histrions and experience some kind of connexion to them. This is known as katharsis. In Shakespearian calamities the supporter ever has a character defect or a tragic defect. This tragic defect along with pride will do the supporter to do an mistake in opinion taking him to his ruin and eventual decease. These two elements are called hubris and tragic flaw. The integrities of clip, infinite, and action must besides be followed. This means that the drama must take topographic point in a really short period of clip, occur in one general country, and follow one chief character throughout the drama. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello The Greatest Tragedy Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Shakespeare orates for us a tragic happening in the life of a adult male who one time had it wholly, throws it all off in a tantrum of covetous fury. The ruin of the cardinal character is the chief construct of the calamity. Without the chief character s ruin there is no ground for the reader to experience commiseration, hence, no calamity. The ruin of the supporter in Shakespearian calamities ever originates from their tragic defect. Othello s tragic defect is his green-eyed monster, which Iago invariably reminds him approximately. This is first brought approximately in act III, scene 3 when Iago asks Othello if he has Seen a hankie spotted with strawberries did I today see Cassio pass over his face fungus with ( III, 3, 431-432/435-436 ) . At this point Othello is covetous at Cassio for holding won the bosom of Desdemona and earned the hankie. Upon hearing this Othello flies into a huffy tantrum by stating O, that the slave had forty 1000 lives! ( III, 3, 439 ) . By his jealousy Othello makes himself really prone to many onslaughts on him by Iago. Catharsis is the portion of the drama that moves the audience and efforts to set them in the histrion s places. Shakspere does this by assailing the issue of love. It is a really huffy and emotional topic. Anyone who has of all time fallen in love can associate to Othello and Desdemona. They are viewed as the perfect newly-weds who have each other as regards. Desdemona shows us this by protesting to the Duke and her male parent that she saw Othello s countenance in his head, And to his award and his valorous parts Did I my psyche and lucks consecrate ( I, 3, 247-249 ) . The love between her and Othello is one of great passion and interrupting barriers. They were many old ages apart, came from different races, and were different colourss of tegument, something that was unheard of in their clip. Obstacles such as these, even in our twenty-four hours, are really hard to get the better of. When reading or watching Othello being performed one can non assist but to experience enviousness f or the love they have. In this calamity, katharsis nowadayss something the audience can non avoid. Hubris and Hamartia are two constituents of a Shakespearian calamity that are really much intertwined because of their footing on pride. Hubris is when the supporter is consumed with pride and believes that destiny can be beaten. Evidence of Othello s pride is based on the idea, No 1 messes around with Othello! This becomes his eventual ruin. The reader remembers in act III, scene 3 when Iago had planted false grounds of Desdemona s infidelity ; Othello reacted in a really unagitated manner, largely in incredulity. In act IV, scene 1 when Iago brings more grounds of Desdemona s unfaithfulness Othello reacts in a really different and violent manner. Let her decompose, and perish, and be damned tonight ; for she shall non populate ( IV, 1, 183-184 ) . This statement stems from Othello s pride in being a adult male of high standing who will non be cheated on. Hamartia besides comes into drama where Othello believes that destiny can be beaten by killing Desdemona. Even if Othello had escaped decease here he would hold been removed of his high military position and thrown in gaol. Othello was genuinely a adult male consumed with pride and wrongly believed he he could withstand destiny and come out on top by killing what he loved most. Othello could be considered non to be a calamity because of its misdemeanor of the integrities of clip, infinite, and action. The integrities of clip, infinite, and action province that the narrative must take topographic point in one metropolis, occur in a short period of clip more than 24 hours, and must follow one cardinal character throughout the full drama. Othello does non happen in one metropolis through the full narrative. Othello went to war in Cyprus and spent most of his clip life in Venice. Although there is really small clip spent in Cyprus Othello, the narrative, does non work along the same lines as Hamlet. In Hamlet about the full narrative took topographic point between the palace walls. As for the integrity of action we see something rather different here. The drama we studied is titled Othello, hence, the reader assumes that Othello is the cardinal character. If the book were non named this, it would be rather possible that many readers would believe the rubric cou ld be Iago and non Othello. Although Iago is non the good cat he is in the drama merely every bit much or even more than Othello. At the beginning of the drama Iago is present and Othello is absent. This is how it is many scenes are in the drama. Although Othello is regarded as one of Shakespeare s best calamities, there is still beliing grounds against this. Many bookmans acclaim Othello as Shakespeare s most perfect calamity because it encompasses all of the elements of a calamity so wondrous. The love shared between Othello and Desdemona at the beginning of the drama is so much more dramatic than that of Claudius and Gertrude in Hamlet or Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in Macbeth. The guilt and incorrect felt by Othello after he realizes his mistakes in opinion is incomparable to the play in Shakespeare s other calamities. Any audience screening Othello for the first clip would be captured by the characters because of their relation to the audience. Any experient Shakespeare reader would hold no job giving Othello the rubric of most perfect calamity because it covers all of the elements of a calamity so wondrous. 341

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel

Civil War Prisoner Exchanges and the Dix-Hill Cartel During the U.S. Civil War, both sides participated in the exchange of prisoners of war who had been captured by the other side.  Although there was not a formal agreement in place, prisoner exchanges had taken place as a result of kindness between opposing leaders after a hard-fought battle.   Initial Agreement for Prisoner Exchanges Originally, the Union refused to formally enter into an official agreement that would establish guidelines pertaining to the structure of how these prisoner exchanges would occur. This was due to the fact that  the U.S. government had steadfastly refused to recognize the Confederate States of America as a valid governmental entity, and there was a fear that entering into any formal agreement could be viewed as legitimizing the Confederacy as a separate entity.   However, the capture of over a thousand Union soldiers at the First Battle of Bull Run in late July 1861 created the impetus for public push to conduct formal prisoner exchanges.   In December 1861, in a joint resolution the U.S. Congress called for President Lincoln to establish parameters for prisoner exchanges with the Confederacy.   Over the next several months, Generals from both forces made unsuccessful attempts to draft a unilateral prison exchange agreement. Creation of the Dix-Hill Cartel Then in July 1862, Union Major General John A. Dix and Confederate Major General D. H. Hill met in the James River in Virginia at Haxalls Landing and came to an agreement whereby all soldiers were assigned an exchange value based upon their military rank.  Under what would become known as the Dix-Hill Cartel, exchanges of Confederate and Union Army soldiers would be made as follows: Soldiers of equivalent ranks would be exchanged on a one to one value,Corporals and sergeants were worth two privates,Lieutenants were worth four privates,A captain was worth six privates,A major was worth eight privates,A lieutenant-colonel was worth ten privates,A colonel was worth fifteen privates,A brigadier general was worth twenty privates,A major general was worth forty privates, andA commanding general was worth sixty privates. The Dix-Hill Cartel also assigned similar exchange values of Union and Confederate naval officers and seamen based upon their equivalent rank to their respective armies. Prisoner Exchange and the Emancipation Proclamation These exchanges were made to alleviate the issues and costs associated with maintaining captured soldiers by both sides, as well as the logistics of moving the prisoners.  However, in September 1862, President Lincoln issued a Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation that provided in part that if the Confederates failed to end fighting and rejoin the U.S. prior to January 1, 1863  then all slaves held in the Confederate States would become free. In addition, it called for the enlistment of black soldier into service in the Union Army. This prompted Confederate States of America President Jefferson Davis to issue a proclamation on December 23, 1862 which provided that there would be no exchange of either captured black soldiers or their white officers. A mere nine days later – January 1, 1863 – President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which called for the eradication of slavery and for the enlistment of freed slaves into the Union Army. In what has historically been considered President Lincoln’s reaction to December 1862 Proclamation of Jefferson Davis, the Lieber Code was put into effect in April 1863 addressing humanity during wartime with the provision that all prisoners, regardless of color, would be treated alike. Then the Congress of the Confederate States passed a resolution in May 1863 that codified President Davis’ December 1862 proclamation that the Confederacy would not exchange captured black soldiers.   The results of this legislative action became evident in July 1863 when a number of captured U.S. black soldiers from a Massachusetts regiment were not exchanged along with their fellow white prisoners. The End of Prisoner Exchanges During the Civil War The U.S. suspended the Dix-Hill Cartel on July 30, 1863 when President Lincoln issued an order providing that until such time as the Confederates treated black soldiers the same as white soldiers there would no longer be any prisoner exchanges between the U.S. and the Confederacy. This  effectively ended prisoner exchanges and unfortunately resulted in captured soldiers from both sides being subjected to horrific and inhumane conditions in prisons such as Andersonville in the South and Rock Island in the North.

Working With Windows Registry From Delphi Applications

Working With Windows Registry From Delphi Applications The Registry is simply a database that an application can use to store and retrieve configuration information (last window size and position, user options and information or any other configuration data). Registry also contains information about Windows (95/98/NT) and about your Windows configuration. The Registry database is stored as a binary file. To find it, run regedit.exe (Windows registry editor utility) in your Windows directory. You will see that information in Registry is organized in a similar way to Windows Explorer. We can use regedit.exe to view registry information, change it or to add some information to it. It is obvious that modifications of the registry database could lead to a ​system crash (of course if you dont know what you are doing). INI vs. Registry It is probably very well known that in the days of Windows 3.xx INI files were a popular way of storing application information and other user-configurable settings. The most terrifying aspect of INI files is that they are just text files that the user can easily edit (change or even delete them). In 32-bit Windows Microsoft recommends using Registry to store the type of information that you would normally place in INI files (users are less likely to alter registry entries). Delphi  provides full support for changing entries in the Windows System Registry: via the TRegIniFile class (same basic interface as the TIniFile class for users of INI files with Delphi 1.0) and TRegistry class (low-level wrapper for the Windows registry and functions that operate on the registry). Simple Tip: Writing to the Registry As mentioned before in this article, basic registry operations (using code manipulation) are reading information from ​Registry and writing information to the database. Next piece of code will change the Windows wallpaper and disable the screen saver using TRegistry class. Before we can use TRegistry we have to add Registry unit to the uses clause at the top of source-code. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~uses registry;procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject) ;varreg:TRegistry;beginreg:TRegistry.Create;with reg do begintryif OpenKey(\Control Panel\desktop, False) then begin//change wallpaper and tile itreg.WriteString (Wallpaper,c:\windows\CIRCLES.bmp) ;reg.WriteString (TileWallpaper,1) ;//disable screen saver//(0disable, 1enable)reg.WriteString(ScreenSaveActive,0) ;//update changes immediatelySystemParametersInfo (SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER,0, nil,SPIF_SENDWININICHANGE) ;SystemParametersInfo (SPI_SETSCREENSAVEACTIVE,0, nil,SPIF_SENDWININICHANGE) ;endfinallyreg.Free;end;end;end;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Those two lines of code that start with SystemParametersInfo ... force Windows to update the wallpaper and screen saver information immediately. When you run your application, youll see the Windows wallpaper bitmap change to the Circles.bmp image that is, if you have circles.bmp image in your Windows directory. (Note: your screen saver is now disabled.)