Prime Ministers of India Essay

The Prime Minister of India, as routed to in the Constitution of India, is the head of government, boss counsel to the President of India, leader of the Council of Ministers and the pioneer of the dominant part party in parliament. The leader drives the official part of the Government of India. The head administrator is the senior individual from bureau in the official part of government in a parliamentary framework. The PM chooses and can excuse different individuals from the bureau; designates presents on individuals inside the Government; is the managing part and director of the bureau and is liable for bringing proposition of enactment. The acquiescence or demise of the leader breaks up the bureau. The head administrator is delegated by the president to help the last in the organization of the issues of the official. Current Prime Minister †The officeholder PM is Manmohan Singh, in office since 22 May 2004. Job and intensity of the head administrator The head administrator drives the working and exercise of power of the Government of India. He is welcomed by the President of India in the Parliament of India as pioneer of the lion's share gathering to frame a legislature at the administrative level (known as Central or Union Government in India) and exercise its forces. By and by the leader names the individuals from their Council of Ministers[3][4][5] to the president. The executive speaks to the nation in different appointments, elevated level gatherings and worldwide associations that require the participation of the most noteworthy government office[9] and furthermore addresses to the country on different issues of national or other significance. Choice procedure Qualification An executive must: * be a resident of India. * be an individual from the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. * be over 25 years old in the event that he is an individual from Lok Sabha or over 30 years old on the off chance that he is an individual from the Rajya Sabha. * not hold any office of benefit under the Government of India or the Government of any State or under any neighborhood or other power Promise The Prime Minister is required to make and buy in within the sight of President of India before entering office, the vow of office and mystery. Executives of India 1. Jawaharlal Nehru (fifteenth August 1947 †27 May 1964) 2. Gulzarilal Nanda ( 27 May 1964 †9 June 1964) 3. Lal Bahadur Shastri (9 June 1964 †11 January 1966) 4. Indira Gandhi (24 January 1966 †24 March 1977, 14 June 1980 †31 October 1984) 5. Morarji Desai (24March 1977 †28 July 1979) 6. CHaran Singh (28 July 1979 †14 January 1980) 7. Rajiv Gandhi ( 31 October 1984 †2 December 1989) 8. Vishwanath Pratap Singh ( 2 Decemeber 1989 †10 November 1990) 9. Chandra Shekhar (10 November 1990 †21 June 1991) 10. P.V. Narsimha Rao ( 21 June 1991 †16 May 1996) 11. H.D.Deve. Gowda (1 june 1996 †21 April 1997) 12. I.K. Gujral (21 April 1997 †19 March 1998) 13. Atal Bihari Vajpayee ( 19 March 1998 †22 May 2004) 14. Manmohan Singh ( 22 May 2004 †till now)

Introductory and Contract Law

Question: Examine about the Introductory and Contract Law. Answer: The case Crown Melbourne Limited v Cosmopolitan Hotel (Vic) Pty Ltd [2016] HCA 26 (20 July 2016) was held in the Australian High Court. The purview of the High Court of Australia expands the Supreme Court in the Australian Court chain of importance and last Court of request in Australia. It has both Appellate and unique purview. It has the position to do legal audit on law, which are passed by the Australian Parliament and the State Parliament. It additionally has the locale to decipher the Constitution of Australia (Nauze, 1972). This case is a common case and the onus of verification lies on the respondent, the principle. In methodology brought by the respondents (the occupants), the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (the VCAT) saw that the complainant (Crow) made an impression to the respondent over the range of understanding for the leases, such that the occupants would be worried for the hour of recharging. The VCAT evaluated that the assertion offered, raised to an insurance contract, which satisfied Crown to offer a haggling of leases for quite a while on a few standing to be picked by Crown. The VCAT also found that if the end were inaccurate, it would have in like manner recognized the leaseholder convenience that Crown was estopped from turning away the nearness of guarantee contract. It mentioned that Crown should pay the principle respondent $467,505.00 and the accompanying respondent $1,143,167.00 for remuneration when there is a break of agreement (Vass, 2016). As for the circumstance, the VCAT that the Crown had made an impression to the inhabitants at the reestablishment time of the arrangement that they will deal with the occupants during the restoration time. The VCAT held that the declaration by the Crown offered rise to guarantee contract. Moreover, the Crown needs to pay $467505 to the essential respondent and $1,143,167 to the second in sort of harms for break of the understanding. The Crown was in danger for estoppel from denying the security contract. On advance under the watchful eye of the Supreme Court of Victoria said that the VCAT was in slip-up and estoppels didn't develop. Or maybe, the Court of Appeal said that there was a promissory Estoppel. The Court of Appeal reported that there was no guarantee contract yet there was an issue in dispatching the issue of estoppel (Rohatgi, 2016). The lawful issue on some portion of the Crown was that the Collateral agreement and promissory estoppels asserted by the respondent for which the Crown is subject for harms are not substantial. The portrayal he made was not substantial and the unimportant expressing of something doesn't make the agreement legitimate (Grossi, 2016). Inhabitants got techniques to the VCAT in which they certified that a movement of portrayals had been made by agents of Crown to Mr Zampelis, with the end goal that the occupants would be given an extra term of five years taking after slip by of the 2005 leases. These showings were said to include to an assurance that the Crown would rehearse its power under cl 2.3(a) of the 2005 leases and propose a reestablishment for an extra multi year term. The inhabitants declared to have been actuated by the portrayals to execute the leases and to do the remodels. Two, substitute legitimate outcomes were said to take after from the assurance: a security contract, by which Crown was obliged to offer the occupants energize multi year leases, showed up, or an estoppel rose which shielded Crown from denying that responsibility. Altogether, the conditions of the further leases were supposed to be the equivalent as for the 2005 leases (Handley, 2016). A guarantee contract is normally a sole term understanding, made for the gathering for whose advantage the understanding works consenting to go into a chief agreement, which sets out further terms relating to a comparative kind from the rule contract (Hospital Products Ltd v United States Surgical Corporation). The Court had held that there is a guarantee understanding just when there is portrayal, which is authoritatively official. It would possibly be a guarantee understanding if there were an authoritative guarantee. The aim possibly emerges when the gatherings have acted or indicated direct towards it. The Court of Appeal concurred that the announcements were dubious. The aim as to guarantee contract is an issue of law (Heilbut, Symons Co v Buckleton). A promissory estoppels is one where the promisor has vowed to accomplish something for the promisee and the promisee has acted by that guarantee, regardless of whether there was no thought, it is enforceable by law (Feinman, 1984). The court held that there was no promissory estoppels on the grounds that the portrayal caused must to be fitting and not unambiguous and dubious. The individual to whom the portrayal be caused must to not be dubious and the portrayal must not be available to various development. The unimportant saying of that took care of at restoration time doesn't imply that he implied that there would be an augmentation on the rent term (Low v Bouverie). Under the choice taken by the Court of Law for this situation we see that if there should arise an occurrence of security contract the gathering doesn't have to pull out while under a rent arrangement the Crown has a commitment to pull out under the law to make it authoritative. For rent to occur there must be a thought and the terms must be communicated or inferred or in ceaselessness. The basics of a legitimate agreement arrangement are: offer, acknowledgment, commonality of commitment, thought and a composed understanding. An antagonistic framework is an obsolete method of dealing with questions. An antagonistic framework is where the gatherings to the question put their case before a fair individual, an appointed authority or jury through their own supporters in the endeavor to look at reality of a case. In Adversarial framework when managing criminal cases, the investigator or judge can't ask the charged individual inquiries since he isn't straightforwardly speaking to his case (Allison, 2013). He can possibly answer situations when he decides to do as such. If there should arise an occurrence of Civil cases the litigant need to obligatorily give proclamations however he can't be interrogated on the announcement nor is the announcement made on vow. The adjudicators must be reasonable and give their judgment dependent on the case dependent on crucial equity and fair treatment. The name ill-disposed framework might be questionable on the grounds that, it infers that it is just pertinent inside a specif ic kind of structure where, there are differentiating arraignment and safeguard. The case isn't the equivalent, and both the current antagonistic and inquisitorial frameworks have the authority of state antagonized between an investigator and the adjudicator. They can furnish the litigant with lawful guide. Unquestionably, TheEuropean Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedomsin Article 6 need those attributes in the legitimate structures of the signatory states. The most significant method of settling questions is the conventional method of introducing it before the adjudicator and the jury. The adjudicator and the jury give the choice in an unprejudiced manner. This is the preliminary or contesting method of illuminating questions. Aside from the customary methods of unraveling debate there are different ways additionally of fathoming questions. Arrangement, Mediation and Arbitration are barely any methods of tackling the strategies. These ways are known as the ADR-Alternate Dispute Resolution (Greenacre et al., 2016). The cases that go to the Court frequently get illuminated in the Court just not many among them goes to preliminary. A portion of the cases are frequently viewed as proposed by ADR before the gatherings goes to the Court (Chng Chua, 2016). Let us currently investigate the different techniques for tackling debates Arrangement The most fundamental methods for comprehending questions is by the method of exchange. It is a ceaseless correspondence between the gatherings to the debate with the point of finding an answer. The gatherings haggle straightforwardly or may complete it by an Attorney. The system followed is not all that much. The arrangement between the gatherings is enforceable under law. The basics of exchange are: Unstructured and casual Deliberate Classified and private Enforceable No association of outsider; the gatherings settle on their own choices. Intercession the procedure by which settlement between the gatherings is made by an unprejudiced individual, known as the middle person. It is an intentional procedure, which advance compromise between the questioning gatherings that thus encourages the gatherings to the debate reach on a shared understanding. It is the following best appropriate strategy for explaining debates after the procedure of exchange. Middle person clarifies the standard of the procedures to the gatherings and their lawyers. They can even meet the gatherings independently and he causes the gatherings to see every others perspective (Roebuck, 2013). Discretion Arbitration is a contended subject to a sensible individual for decision. Intervention is usually an out-of-court approach for settling an inquiry. The mediators control the procedure, will focus on the two sides and arrive at a resolution. The same a preliminary, only a solitary gathering will win. Be that as it may, the intrigue rights are limited not normal for a preliminary. In a progressively formal circumstance, the middle person coordinates a consultation where the gatherings start through files, showcases and assertion. The gatherings may favor a couple of cases to develop their own way; or an administrating association may give ways (Moore, 2014). There can be presumably one official or a three middle people board. An intercession hearing is commonly held instead of work or a gathering room. The outcome can be tied if all social affairs have assented from before to be limited by the decision. By and large, the benefit to guarantee the appointed authority's decisio n is amazingly obliged. A go between's respect can be decreased to choice in a court and subsequently be enforceable. In non-mediation, a decision may get the opportunity to be certainly last if all sides endorsement to remember it or it may serve to assist you with making a decision about the case and be an initial stage for the sett

10 Olympic Athletes Daily Habits to Inspire You

10 Olympic Athletes Daily Habits to Inspire You Olympic athletes are some of the most amazing people in the world. They perform physical feats that leave us wondering whether they have some superhuman abilities we do not know about.In addition to their extraordinary physical performance, Olympic athletes are the embodiment of determination, dedication, drive, passion, and self-discipline. They train for years, some even from childhood, with the aim of shining at the world stage.They work out every single day, following complex and rigid diet programs and rigorous training regimes. All this is not easy, yet they follow through every single day and eventually wow us when they get their chance at the Olympics.While there are several factors that make Olympic athletes successful, including their hard work, their self-discipline, their determination and their passion, there is one factor that seldom gets the recognition it requires â€" their habits.If you examine the lives of Olympic athletes in detail, you will discover that every sin gle one of them has very strong habits and routines that they follow strictly every single day. Their habits keep them going even when faced with obstacles.The habits play a very important role in making them the successful athletes they are. Fortunately, some of these habits are not restricted to the gym and the track.Some of them can also be applied in our daily lives.Below, we take a look at the daily habits of 10 Olympic athletes that should inspire you to reach out for success in your life.VISUALIZING YOUR GOALS â€" THOMAS DANIEL Thomas Daniel is an Austrian modern pentathlete. Thomas started his career as a modern pentathlete in the year 2000 and became a professional athlete in 2003. He is notable for being the first modern pentathlete from Austria to qualify for the Olympics in a period of more than two decades.Thomas represented Austria in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, though he did not win a medal. He also competed and won an individual gold medal at CISM Modern Pent athlon Championships in 2008.Thomas says that his greatest habit that he gives much credit for his achievements is visualizing his goals. Long before the 2012 Olympics started, Thomas would dedicate some time each morning and each evening to visualize how the event would be.In his mind, he created a detailed picture of the stadium where the event would be taking place and how he would handle each competition.Once the games started, he applied the same tactics he had applied numerous times in his mind. He believes this habit helped him deliver his best performance during the 2012 Summer Olympic Games.While you might have no dreams of competing in a pentathlon, this habit can be very useful in your day to day life. Visualization is great for a number of reasons. First, visualization helps your mind to figure out what resources it will need to help you achieve your goals. Visualization also gives you an inner motivation to push towards your goals since you have a clear and detailed pic ture of what exactly you want to achieve.Visualization also promotes positive thinking, which is an important element in achieving your goals. Some people do not believe in the power of visualization, yet it been scientifically proven to work.You can start using visualization in your life by picturing situations in your mind going as you would like them to go.Whether you are going for an interview, a salary negotiation, or preparing to give a presentation or a speech, you should visualize yourself doing it successfully before you actually go to the interview or presentation.While it is impossible to predict what will actually go on during the interview, negotiation or presentation, having envisioned yourself doing it successfully will increase your chances of a positive outcome.CONSISTENCY â€" IWAN THOMAS Iwan Gwyn Thomas is a Welsh sprinter who enjoyed an illustrious athletics career before injuries pushed him away from the track. Thomas represented Great Britain and Northern Irela nd in the 4x400m relay in the 1996 Olympic Games where he won a silver medal. Thomas has also competed in several other world events representing Wales.In 1997, he won a World Championship gold in the 4x400m relay. He also won two gold medals in the European Championships and a gold and silver medal in the Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur. As a result of his exploits on the track, he was recognized as the Wales Sports Personality of the Year in 1998.Thomas credits much of his success on the track to his consistency. The Olympics happen once in every four years, yet for Thomas, there was no time to slack off in between games.For the four years before the next Olympics, Thomas used to consistently show up for training even though the games were a long way off. The training was part of his life, and he dedicated every single day to it.During the Olympic year, there is a temptation by athletes to make their training more aggressive. However, Thomas says that consistency is key. If you have been consistently training the right way, there is no need to change anything. In his words, “if it isn’t broke, don’t fix it.”This is a great deal of inspiration. Imagine training consistently every single day, waiting to see your results after four years. Very often, we want to achieve results instantly and are not willing to put in a great deal of effort upfront. If you want to achieve great results, you need to think like an Olympic athlete.Figure out what you need to do on a daily basis in order to achieve your results, do it consistently every single day and you will be guaranteed to get the results you want.HAVE CLEAR LONG TERM GOALS â€" MICHAEL PHELPSI bet everyone has heard of American competitive swimmer Michael Phelps. Phelps has competed in 5 Olympic Games and is the most decorated and most successful Olympian of all time, having won a total of 28 Olympic medals during his career. He is also the all-time record holder for most Olympic gold medals with a tot al of 23 medals and Olympic gold medals in individual events with a total of 13 medals.He is also the all-time record holder for most Olympic medals of any color in individual events with a total of 16 individual medals. In addition to being the most successful all-time Olympian, Phelps is also the long course world holder in several competitions, including the 100 meter and 200 meter butterfly and the 400 meter individual medley. This is just but a fraction of his achievements as a top athlete.Phelps says that one thing that has contributed to his success as a swimmer is that he always had a clear long term goal. As an athlete, he did not just think about the next practice, the next race or the next competition.Instead, he set goals that he wanted to achieve in the next 5, 10 or 20 years. He had his goals written down and kept them on a nightstand where he could look at them every morning and every evening. Keeping his long term goals fresh in his mind helped him maintain his disci pline. Whenever he had the temptation to go out partying, eat badly or not show up for practice, thinking of his long term goals was enough to help him make the right decision.Just like Michael Phelps, it is important to have long term goals, both for your career and your life. Write them down and keep them in a place where you can see them every single day.Having clear long term goals helps you to make the right decisions whenever you are in a position that could potentially derail you from achieving what you want. It keeps you committed and helps you resists the temptations of short term pleasures.According to this study, people with written goals are more likely to achieve to succeed that those without goals.PRIORITIZE YOUR SLEEP â€" USAIN BOLTJamaican Sprinter Usain Bolt is another well-known Olympic athlete and is currently the fastest man in the world and the greatest sprinter of all time. He is the current world record holder in the 100 meter and 200 meter sprint as well as t he 4100 meter relay. Bolt has competed at the Olympic Games three times (2008, 2012 and 2016), where he won 9 gold medals.He is also the only sprinter to have won the gold medals in both the 100 meter and the 200 meter races in three consecutive Olympic Games. He is also an 11-time World Champion and is considered the most successful athlete in the World Championships. Bolt has also received several awards such as the Track Field Athlete of the Year, the IAAF World Athlete of the Year, the Laureus World Sportsman of the Year and the BBC Overseas Sports Personality of The Year. What’s the secret behind his success?Though Bolt did a number of things to maintain his position as the fastest man in the world, including lots of training, eating lots of veggies and even avoiding sex before races, one thing he gives a lot of priority is his sleep.Getting enough sleep is the key to giving his body to repair and build itself after being subjected to rigorous training throughout the day. He understood that all the effort he put in day after day would be all for nothing if he did not give his body time to rest and repair itself.How does this apply in your life? Very often, we tend to put all our focus on work while giving ourselves little time to rest. How many times have you heard people bragging about getting just a few hours of sleep because they were busy working? People forget that rest is important for your body.Not getting enough sleep can end up hurting your productivity, and even your health, in the long run. Not only does getting enough sleep make you more productive and efficient, it also increases your creativity, according to a study by researchers from the University of California.If you want to increase your chances of achieving success, it might be a wise move to start prioritizing rest and sleep, just like Usain Bolt.ONLY COMPETE AGAINST YOURSELF â€" ELIUD KIPOCHOGEEliud Kipchoge is a Kenyan long distance runner and a three time Olympic athlete. He won the gold medal at the 2016 Olympic marathon and is the current marathon world record holder after winning the 2018 Berlin marathon.He has also won several world championships and is also the holder of the world junior record in the 5000 meter track race. Kipichoge has won 9 gold medals and a total of 16 medals of all colors in all competitions. Still at the peak of his athletic career, Kipchoge is considered to be the greatest marathoner of the modern era.Kipchoge attributes much of his success to his habit of competing against himself. Being from Kenya, he is aware that he will compete against athletes who have better training facilities, better coaches and better equipment. Yet, this does not concern him. His only concern is improving himself. Kipchoge has a training book where he keeps record of every training session and every event he has competed in.He uses this book to keep review his performance and track his progress. In every training session, he works hard trying to shav e a few seconds from his best time. This is how he has managed to be the current marathon world record holder.This is a very important thing that you can learn from Eliud Kipchoge. Very often, people are more focused on comparing themselves with their peers and colleagues. Unfortunately, comparing yourself to others does not get you closer to your goals in any way.Instead, it takes your focus from your own work, affects your performance and discourages you.If you want to achieve success, you should stop competing with others and focus on competing with yesterday’s version of yourself. Keep finding ways in which you can make yourself better than you were and you will eventually become better than the competition.GET AN ACCOUNTABILITY BUDDY â€" CHLOE WOODRUFFChloe Woodruff is an American cross-country cyclist who has represented the country in various mountain biking competitions, including the UCI Mountain Bike World Championship and the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio.For Chloe, one habit that has greatly contributed to her achievements as an Olympian is having an accountability buddy. For Chloe, her accountability buddy is fellow mountain biker Rose Grant. The two of them often work out and practice together, encouraging and motivating each other and ensuring that each of them does what is required of them.Chloe and Rose are not alone in this. Several other Olympic athletes train together for months or years before competing against each other on the world stage.Having an accountability buddy is a great trick to help you reach out for success. The idea behind this is to have enlist someone, such as a friend or a mentor, to ensure that you stick through with your plans.Many people often have plans and strategies on how they will achieve success, but then they lose track somewhere along the way.An accountability buddy monitors your progress and gives you little nudges whenever you start losing track.One study found that people who write down their goals, sha re the goals with a friend and give weekly updates to the friend are 33% more successful on average compared to those who have goals without sharing them with an accountability partner.BE OBSESSED WITH YOUR GOAL â€" MO FARAHMo Farah is a renowned British distance runner and the most successful British track athlete in the modern history. Mo Farah represented Britain in the 2012 and the 2016 Olympic Games, where he won the gold medals in both the 5000 meter and the 10,000 meter races. With a total of ten global titles, he is the most decorated athlete in history of British athletics.Farah was also the first British athlete to win double gold in the same Olympic Games. He has won the British Athletics Writers Association Athlete of the Year and the European Athlete of the Year more times than any other athlete. Farah was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II due to his contribution to British athletics.Farah says that the key to becoming a successful Olympic champion is to be obsessed with y our goals. Farah’s obsession with becoming a top runner started at the age of 14 when he was picked among the team to go to the British Olympics futures camp in Florida. From then, a large part of his life has been dominated by running.Everything he does is about his sport, to the extent that it even affects his family life. For instance, Farah spends six months away from his family every year due to his training requirements. Even when he is home, he cannot sleep in the same bed as his wife, since he is required to sleep inside an oxygen tent. Is that not the definition of being obsessed with your goals?While you do not have to sleep in an oxygen tent or at the office, the key to achieving your goals is to become obsessed with the goals and dedicate a huge chunk of your life to pursuing them. Once you develop the singleness of purpose shown by Olympic athletes, no goal will be too big for you to achieve.WATCH WHAT YOU EAT â€" NOVAK DJOKOVICDjokovic is a professional tennis player from Serbia who has competed in the Olympic Games three times. In addition to the Olympics, Djokovic has won several other tennis world titles and is currently ranked by the ATP as the number 1 men’s singles tennis player in the world, becoming the first Serbian player to get this ranking. Due to his prowess on the tennis court, he has won several awards, including the BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year award and the Laureus World Sports for Sportsman of the Year (3 times).Part of Djokovic’s success stems from his eating habits. Djokovic is very careful about what he eats. Every morning, he wakes up to a cup of water, followed by two tablespoons of honey, followed by a power bowl comprised of mixed nuts, sunflower seeds, muesli or oatmeal, coconut oil, fruits and non-dairy milk.He does this every single day. This diet provides him with the energy he needs and hydrates his body, without stuffing him with unwanted sugars.Unless you are planning on becoming a top athlete, this diet might not be for you.However, there is something you can learn from Djokovic’s morning routine. The food you eat has a huge impact on how you look and feel. It affects your performance at work and your reactions in social interactions.If you want to improve your life for better, start watching what you eat. Fuel your body with whole and healthy foods and avoid junk and sugary foods. Don’t forget to drink a lot of water to keep your body hydrated.FOCUS ON THE SMALLER GOALS â€" GUS KENWORTHYGus Kenworthy is a British-born American freestyle skier who competes professionally in big air, half pipe and slopestyle. Gus has competed in the Olympic Games twice, winning two silver medals in the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi and qualifying for the finals in the 2018 Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang.For Gus, the key to success is to focus on the small goals you need to accomplish each day rather than the end goal. This makes the end goal seem less daunting. When training , Gus does not focus on winning a medal at the Olympics. Instead, his focus is on ensuring that he gives his best effort during training each day. By giving his best during training, he can be confident that he will be able to deliver at the Olympics.This is a great habit to live by. When you have very ambitious goals, they can seem too lofty and unattainable, thus discouraging you. If you break down these goals into smaller goals that you can work on and achieve each day, the end goal becomes more attainable.By focusing on the smaller goals, you can also measure you progress with the full confidence that if you achieve each of these smaller goals, you will automatically achieve the bigger goal as well.IGNORE THE NAYSAYERS â€" AARON BLUNCKAaron is an American freestyle skier who has represented the country in both the 2014 and the 2018 Winter Olympic Games. Aaron has also competed at the 2017 Winter X Games in Aspen and the 2017 World Championships, winning a gold medal in both even ts. For Aaron, the key to achieving success as an Olympic athlete is to learn to ignore the naysayers.As an Olympic athlete, you are put under scrutiny by millions around the world. There will always be those who doubt your abilities. According to Aaron, those who want to achieve success must learn to ignore their doubters, keep pushing forward and prove them wrong.Doubters and naysayers are not restricted to the Olympic arena. Once you start pursuing your dreams, there will be people close to you who will doubt your abilities and try to discourage you from going after your goals.You have to learn to ignore them and keep doing whatever you need to do in order to get wherever you want to get. If they are not saying something that will help you get closer to your dreams, don’t listen to them.WRAPPING UPOlympic athletes are the pinnacle of human physical performance. They put in a lot of effort to be able to perform the extraordinary physical feats that they are known for.In addition , they have certain routines and mindsets that make it easier for them to remain committed to their sports and to perform to the best of their ability.While you might not be planning to compete in the Olympics, there is a lot you can learn from Olympic athletes. Incorporating some of their routines and mindsets into your daily life, even if not to their level, can improve your life and career significantly.You might also have noticed that despite all of them being accomplished Olympic athletes, each of them has a routine that they swear by.What this means is that what works for one person might not work for the other.Therefore, you do not have to strive to do everything in this article. Instead, find out what works for you and apply it in your life.

The Infectious Nature Of The Disease - 1001 Words

Throughout history there have been many diseases that have baffled medical professionals. The early study of a diseases origin has ensured the survival of mankind against wide spread death and illness. Puerperal, also known as Childbed Fever, is a disease that causes widespread death and infection in women soon after childbirth. (science/puerperal-fever) The infection can affect any part of the female reproductive system. (science/puerperal-fever) Ignaz Semmelweis, a Hungarian physician, discovered that puerperal was an infectious disease that can be controlled by the use of an antisepsis technique. (Merckle) He also discovered that it was infectious and contagious. (science/puerperal-fever) Without the implementation of antisepsis†¦show more content†¦(Control) Countless numbers of women perished before the need for proper handwashing came to light. Ignaz Semmelweis discovered the need for proper handwashing procedures when he began work at a local maternity clinic in Vienna. (Zoltan) Semmelweis made it his mission as a physician to back any inquiries that he made with scientific evidence. (Admin) Many women gave birth at home during this time period, but those who went to local clinics found themselves at risk of contracting this deadly disease. During this period in history, it was still believed that the origin of infectious diseases was caused by miasma, overcrowding, and poor ventilation, Semmelweis dug further to discover the true origin of the disease. (Zoltan) Against his chief’s wishes, Semmelweis conducted a series of experiments to determine if there was a pattern in contraction of the illness. (Zoltan) He studied two sets of patients. The first set of patients that he observed were looked after in a maternity ward that was primarily staffed by male doctors and male medical students. (Davis) The second set of patients were attended to by female midwives only. (Davis) Semmelweis observed that the patients that were being cared for by male staff were contracting the illness at a much higher rate than that of those being cared for by female staff members. (Davis) He observed that the position that the mother gave birth in had no effect on whether or not she contracted the disease in either

Essay on The Effects of Drugs in the US - 926 Words

The Effects of Drugs in the US Drug abuse is one of the most discouraged behaviors in our country. In the United States of America, we, the people value several things, some of which are freedom, expanding and taking care of our families and our financial security. We, the people, take such things for granted. We also discourage some behavior, such as crime, laziness and use of illegal drugs. Use of illegal drugs is harmful to the user and all those with whom the user comes in contact. There are over 40 million illegal drug users in the world today and America is the biggest market for drugs. (Castro 45) There are more drug dealers in this country, than there are dentists. (Wakefield 112) Illegal drug abuse must be stopped; it†¦show more content†¦Often, the alcohol will bring out a violent temper and often, alcoholics abuse, physically and mentally, their friends and family. Drinking makes the drinker feel he is more confident. The drinker thinks he is in control, even if a little high, and he might get behind the wheel of his car and go for a drive. Drunk driving is deadly. Hundreds of thousands of people get killed every year due to drunk driving.(Castro 60) Other physical effects of drinking are vomiting, passing out and sometimes, if enough alcohol is consumed over a long enough period of time, or if mixed with other drugs, death. Marijuana is a popular, and illegal, drug. Its largest consumers are young adults. Marijuana is smoked in a pipe or rolled in a cigarette. Thirty-seven percent of people between ages 12-17 have tried marijuana.(Adams 102) Marijuana gives a slight buzzing feeling of lightheadedness. Experimentation with marijuana is dangerous because studies show that 60% of people who smoke marijuana on a regular basis move on to try harder drugs soon after.(Lorimer 44) Marijuana tends to diminish the ambition and motivation in the user. In the long run, it may cause lung cancer and other respiratory problems. Cocaine is another popular, illegal, stre et drug. Cocaine is snorted or smoked as crack(a cheaper and, as a result ofShow MoreRelatedThe Creative Destruction Of Medicine1184 Words   |  5 Pageschronic diseases and Dr. Blaser explains the reasoning. The advancement of medicine and the increase use seems to be causing more harm than good in today’s society. Dr. Blaser discusses how the use of antibiotics and drugs to treat different illnesses may also be causing long-term effects on people’s lives. Dr. Blaser believes that our missing microbes may have something to do with main chronic diseases such as: allergies, asthma, cancers, diabetes, and obesity. These are the main diseases causing havocRead MorePavlov s Stimulus Substitution Theory994 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse as the unconditioned stimulus (US) therefore the CR and the unconditioned response (UR) were the same response (Chance, 2013). 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Different drugs used by an individual has different health effects suchRead MoreEfficient Delivery Of Cancer1418 Words   |  6 Pages The efficient delivery of drugs and energy to tumors faces several difficulties and obstacles that need to be overcome for effective cancer treatment. Nanoparticles administrated through intravenous injections accumulate at a tumor site due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) eï ¬â‚¬ect, but only a small quantity of the injected particles can actually â€Å"reach the tumor† (Su et al, 2016). The majority of the nanoparticles interact with â€Å"cancer cells at the periphery of a tumor† whichRead MoreEssay about The Crack Cocaine Epidemic of the Mid 1980s1382 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Just Say No!† A statement that takes us deep into yet another decade in the history of the United States which was excited by controversies, social issues, and drug abuse. The topic of this statement is fueled by the growing abuse of cocaine in the mid 1980s. 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As it says in James Burkett s article, when you are in love, you experience loss of time, loss of control of your body and brain, and you gain the motivation to seek out this partner,Read MoreThe Effects Of Counterfeited Drugs On Pharmaceutical Companies1643 Words   |  7 Pages The Effect of Counterfeited Drugs on Pharmaceutical Companies The market for counterfeit pharmaceuticals has grown exponentially in the last five years. According to an estimate published by the Center for Medicine in the Public Interest in the USA, â€Å"Worldwide sales of counterfeit medicines could top US$ 75 billion this year, a 90% rise in five years† (WHO, 2010). This massive rise has greatly affected pharmaceutical companies and law enforcement agencies. The data exposing the effects the counterfeitRead MoreIs the Prohibition of Drugs Useful or Not? Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesbecome aware of drug prohibition. In fact, every country in the world has a form of drugs prohibition. However, national drug prohibition started in 1920s in the United States as a subgroup of national alcohol prohibition. In 1930 the congress of United States separated drugs from the alcohol prohibition law and created a new federal drug prohibition agency (Levine, 2002). Prohibition may be defined as the set of policies which ban all production, distribution and sale of drugs for non-medical use

Social Capital Free Essays

In recent decades, many social scientists have drawn attention to the importance of â€Å"social capital. † Social capital is meant to capture the value, economic and otherwise, that comes from social networks, through which people frequently interact with one another. But what if social capital ends up contributing to the rise of extreme movements, including fascism? It is well-established that individuals and societies can gain a great deal from civic institutions, such as parent-teacher associations, athletic leagues, churches and music clubs. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Capital or any similar topic only for you Order Now High levels of social capital have been associated with numerous social benefits, including improvements in health, promise-keeping, trust, altruism, compliance with the law, child welfare and individual happiness. Harvard University political scientist Robert Putnam has done a great deal to explore the beneficial effects of social capital. In his book â€Å"Bowling Alone,† he documented what he saw as its decline in the U. S. , connecting that decline with a wide range of social problems. Pointing to research by Putnam and others, many people have argued that the U. S. and other nations should make a sustained effort to measure and increase social capital, with particular attention to civic associations that help to generate it. At the same time, social capital can have a dark side. If people are in a social network whose members are interested in committing crimes, the existence of social capital will promote criminal activity. A fascinating recent study called â€Å"Bowling for Fascism† goes much further: It shows that the rise of Nazism was greatly facilitated by unusually high levels of social capital in Weimar Germany. The research offers an important and novel perspective on Adolf Hitler’s ascension to power. And by identifying conditions that help to spread extremism, it also offers significant lessons for the present, including the risk of terrorism. The study, conducted by New York University’s Shanker Satyanath and his co-authors, is based on a wide range of original materials, including Nazi Party membership lists and hand-collected data from 112 German towns. The central question: Who was most likely to join the Nazi Party? In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Germany had an exceptionally vibrant civil society that included clubs involved in hiking, animal breeding, shooting, gymnastics, bowling, fire fighting and singing. The authors’ principal finding is that in cities with dense networks of clubs and associations, Germans were far more likely to join the Nazi Party. In their words, â€Å"a dense fabric of civic associations went hand-in-hand with a more rapid rise of Nazi party membership. † It could be suggested that some independent factor, such as socioeconomic status or religion, accounts both for associational activity and for willingness to join the Nazi Party. But that suggestion is inconsistent with the evidence. Even if we control for these and other variables, a dense network of civic associations is correlated with significantly higher rates of entry into the Nazi Party. This finding undermines the view, held by some, that the Nazi Party succeeded by appealing to people who were socially isolated and that Hitler was able to draw support largely from the lonely and the rootless. But this evidence strongly suggests otherwise. Nazism spread in part as a result of face-to-face interactions by people who were in frequent contact with one another. Consider the chilling remarks of a Nazi Party member who recalled his growing acquaintance â€Å"with a colleague of my own age with whom I had frequent conversations. He was a calm, quiet person whom I esteemed very highly. When I found out that he was one of the local leaders of the National Socialist party, my opinion of it as a group of criminals changed completely. † The authors’ central findings fit well with emerging research on the immense importance of social influences on individual behavior. With respect to music, political convictions, voting and food, we constantly learn from others. Like-minded people tend to go to extremes, in large part because they learn from each other. Within nations and around the world, modern social media connect disparate people and hence build social capital, intensifying social influences on thought and behavior. For the current period, there is a straightforward lesson. Individuals and nations generally benefit from large numbers of private associations, including sports clubs, religious groups and parent-teacher associations. But in some nations, dense social networks also increase people’s vulnerability to extremism. A great deal of work suggests that terrorism itself can arise not because people are isolated, poor or badly educated, but because they are part of tightly knit networks in which hateful ideas travel quickly. No one should doubt that private associations are desirable and valuable, and that they can produce a dazzling range of social goods, including checks on the power of government. But Satyanath and his co-authors reveal another possibility: that such associations can facilitate the spread of extremism, ultimately laying the groundwork for serious challenges to democracy itself. How to cite Social Capital, Papers

History Of Punk Rock Essay Example For Students

History Of Punk Rock Essay Did you know that the first commercially successful punk band was the Sex Pistols? Then came groups like Black Flag, Husker Du, and Bad Brains. Punk was invented in Britain in the mid Seventies. The first American punk started in a New York club called CBGBs. CBGBs would attract a crowd of about 500 with its Sunday-afternoon hard-core matinees. The concerts would be over by a reasonable time so kids could get home to eat dinner with their parents. In this paper we will take a look at some history and aspects of punk rock over the years. Slam Dancing Slam dancing has been popular through the history of punk. You may have heard of called mashing or stage diving. Mashing is just a big game of bumper cars like you played when you were a kid. I think Natalie Jacobson who is dating the lead singer of Murphys Law describes stage diving best when says, Its like diving into a human carpet. Something like the old kids trust game. Just my way of getting into it. Gospel people got their thing, I got mine.1 Politics Some punks consider themselves Nazis, or are concerned with issues like peace, racism, and nuclear war. Most punk is against parental, musical, and political authorities. On the other hand some isnt. Bob Mould of Husker Du talks about politics quite frequently in his songs. I dont write about politics because Im not an expert. Some bands find it very necessary to claim theyre politically relevant when in actuality they dont know shit about politics. Not informing people is much better than misinforming people. Were sort of like reporters in a way. Reporters of our own mental state. Reporters of the state of the air. Consciousness. Of the day. We make personal statements.2 Friends Most punks that live in small towns have trouble making friends. They find it hard to relate to most people. Sixteen- year-old Becca Levine finds it hard to make friends in her small town. She comes from a family of divorced parents that never have understood her. Her mother thinks its just a phase shes going through. As Becca Quotes, Parents around here treat me like Im kind of weird.3 She has met someone from New York City that understands her. She meets with him at concerts at clubs like the Ritz or CBGBs. She met someone else also. Someone about 20 minutes away from her hometown who wrote an ad in a national magazine looking for someone to associate with that would understand him. He got a lot of responses, but when he saw the letter from Becca he called her right up. They met for the first time at a Hard-Core show in New York City. But still no one in her hometown understands her. Fitting in with the New York hard-core scene is one of her goals. Clothing Punk has its very own unique style. Although punk sports hard edges, bright colors, shaved heads, leather jackets, Mohawks, and  army boots. You cant really tell if a person is a punk by the way they dress or do their hair. Wanda Draper, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the University of Oklahoma says, We need to look at their reactions and responses to what goes on around them in everyday life. When we know that this is a fad-that it is an effort to be a part of the group-we can usually relax.4 Development of Punk Through the years some punk has had influences from country to the Grateful Dead. Some of this may not even be punk at all. Take Rancids song Time Bomb off their latest album, And Out Come the Wolves5 for instance. It is their rendition of Reggae. Most punk groups dont make much money at all. Once in a while a punk group will hit it big time but that is very rare. .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .postImageUrl , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:hover , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:visited , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:active { border:0!important; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:active , .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7d36021cb90639518006ef8dc7bd094b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of the Roman Empire EssayPaul Westerbert, lead singer of the Replacements quotes, We are the hungriest band Ive ever seen. We get in the van and drive to a town, play, stay at a friends house. Wake up when they throw us out. Drive the rest of the day. Play the next night. We get fifteen dollars a day. And when were home, we dont get nothing. Were way in debt. We own a van, it breaks down, and you know when you play that the gig money goes to pay for the broken- down van. Were used to it.6 Relation Punk is also related to Hard-Core and Ska. Hard-Core is usually heavier and more upbeat the regular punk. Ska is punk with some trumpets or saxophones playing along. Punk Is Still Going Strong Drugs, rock star egos, and in some cases death ruined the development of punk bands back around 1980 like the Sex Pistols, Black Flag, and The Germs. It made a recent comeback in the early nineties. Julia Sazbo quotes, Music lovers will argue that it all started in early 1993 when Rhino Records came out with D.I.Y. Do It Yourself, a nine-volume aural history of punk. They came tours by the Ramones, the Stranglers, and Television.7 Believe it or not. Punk has been and still is surviving mostly on minor labels.

Byzantine Empire Essays - Justinian Dynasty, Flavii,

Byzantine Empire The greatest of medieval civilizations was the Eastern Roman Empire. The Roman Empire was divided in 395. The Western half, ruled from Rome, was ruled by the barbarians in the 5th century. The Eastern half, known as the Byzantine Empire, lasted for more than over 1,000 years. The Byzantine Empire was one of the leading civilizations in the world. In 324, Constantine, the first Christian emperor, became the single ruler of the Roman Empire. He set up his Eastern headquarters at the ancient Greek colony of Byzantium in 330. This city, later renamed Constantinople, was also known as new Rome. It became the capital of the Byzantines after the Roman Empire was divided. Constantinople was located on the European shore of the Bosporus, between the Aegean and Black seas, in what is now the countryside of Turkey. The city brought together people from Europe and Asia. During the ten and a half centuries that the Byzantine Empire lasted, its boundaries continually changed. The territory that made up the empire in 565 included Italy, Sicily, North Africa, southern Spain and Syria. At its largest during 1000, the Byzantine Empire included Greece, Italy, Egypt, Syria, North Africa, and southern Spain. The first era of Byzantine civilization lasted from about 324 to 640. During this time, the separate identity of the empire was established. The first great period of the Byzantines occurred during the reign of Justinian I, who took the throne in 527. Justinian had reconquered much of the territory that had fallen into barbarian hands. He also built Constantinople into one of the most magnificent cities of the world. There was much conflict during the first years of the Byzantine empire. Barbarian people, eager for land and power, pushed at its boundaries during the 5th century. At first, the Byzantines attempted to form an uneasy peace with the barbarians who surrounded them. Justinian I became emperor in 527, and ruled until 565. Empress Theodora, his wife, ruled with him until her death in 548. Justinian built Constantinople into a glorious city of domed churches, palaces, and public arenas. By the end of his reign, the city was surrounded by a 12 mile border of walls. Inside, spacious streets were lined with buildings of marble and alabaster. Goods from around the world filled the shops: silk, purple cloth, and gold from Greece; spices, drugs, and precious stones from India. The greatest of the public buildings was the Hippodrome, an arena that could seat over 40,000 people. Byzantines gathered there to sit and watch chariot races, jugglers, circus acts, and fights between wild animals. In a city of churches, the most magnificent was St. Sophia Cathedral. Also known as Hagia Sophia, or the church of Holy Wisdom. It was completed by Justinian in 537. It is an enormous building, shaped like across, with a dome reaching 180 feet from the ground. It has a beautiful interior of colored marble, gold, silver, and mosaics. Justinian contributed more then just a wonderful city. He is also known for the Justinian Code, a collection of Roman laws from the time of the 2nd century. This code was composed in 529. The code listed all valid edicts of the time and set the legal basis for the absolute and God-given authority of an emperor over his subjects. These laws had an impact on France, Germany, Italy, Russian, and Serbia. Trade thrived during Justinian's reign, and Byzantine art and architecture flourished. But the empire's funds were used up by the high cost of the wars and improvements that took place under Justinian. As a result, the empire was bankrupt when he died in 565. The period from about 641 and 1025 is considered to be the golden age of the Byzantine Empire. Advances in military strength, religious influence, and the arts made the Byzantines one of the most powerful forces in the world of the Middle Ages. Byzantine art if the Eastern Christian art that flourished during the time of the Byzantine Empire. In the West, Byzantine art is known for domed churches with magnificent interiors that feature a variety of highly crafted religious images. Byzantine artists used many costly materials, such as gold, silver, and lapis lazuli, to create colorful murals.

Houses in A House for Mr. Biswas essays

Houses in A House for Mr. Biswas essays "He had lived in many houses. And how easy it was to think of those houses without him!" (p. 125) During his life Mr.Biswas, the protagonist of V.S. Naipauls novel, lived in many different houses. His erring began from his fathers mud hut in the swamplands from where his family was almost expelled. Mr. Biswas moved to the Hanuman House, which was followed by a string of houses: the Chase, the Green Vale, Shorthills, the Tulsi apartment in the Port of Spain, until he finally bought his own house where he died at Sikkim Street. But what makes the houses so important in the novel? In the epilogue, Naipaul ends the entire book, with the word house. The same word is also found in the title. Clearly there is an importance. I think that Mr. Biswass search for a house is his search for connection, his search for belonging somewhere and his search for a way to not be alone - even though his loneliness never leaves him. For Mr. Biswas, the metaphor of house is the fundamental structure he fails to have in own his life. His fathers mud hut in the swamplands was the first house Mr. Biswas got to know. It was a very rural dwelling, but it still symbolized (family) property and it was the only house to which he had some right (p.39). Ironically, Mr. Biswass mother Bibti was intimidated to sell it and this "house" and land became valuable and profitable for others when oil was discovered - it proved worthless for Mr. Biswas. From this moment forward there is only a growing sense of rootlessness in him. His inability to connect with others increases and only reinforces by the other houses in which he ends up to live in. As a result of an innocent flirtation Mr. Biswas becomes trapped with the Tulsi family. He moves to the impressive looking Hanuman house, which in reality turns out to be a dirty, overcrowded old building behind the facade. There he is increasingly ostracize ...

Implicit and explicit personality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Implicit and explicit personality - Essay Example motivated by the fact that people express themselves differently within themselves and outwards depending on their personality and the self perception on aggressiveness (Frost, Ko and James, 2007, p. 1305). Through a methodological investigation, the study found out that the hypothesized model of interactive combination of explicit and implicit personalities and the demonstration of aggressiveness is significant in the determination of behavior. The study revealed that people who perceived themselves as being aggressive are attracted to aggressive behaviors especially overt aggression. Therefore people who think that they are capable of being aggressive are more likely to be involved in actions that are considered to be aggressive. The study also found out that people who thinks about themselves as being less aggressive or not aggressive at all but are implicitly aggressive demonstrate aggressive behavior in passive forms. On the other hand, individuals whose implicit personality are less aggressive but believe that they are hostile or confrontational are more likely to engage in verbal forms of aggression as the most appropriate way of expressing their feelings (Frost, Ko and James, 2007, p. 1307). The comparison of the study with prior investigations and the various models enabled the study to determine how implicit and explicit personalities determine the manner in which people think of themselves. This in return was found to be the explanation for the manner in which aggressive behavior of an individual is expressed. The implicit personalities are recommended to psychologist as significant in explaining aggression rather than the reliance of the explicit demonstrations of one’s personality and its implication in expression of aggression. The combination of self reported and implicit personalities in the study is significant because it helps in the understanding of the reasons why the expression of people’s aggression is diverse within organizations and

Companies engage in CSR because, for a number of reasons, they think Essay

Companies engage in CSR because, for a number of reasons, they think it will be good for their profit margins Critically d - Essay Example A multitude of definition of CSR exist, and the range of views on the proper scope and extent of a firm’s social responsibilities, as well. Whether CSR is about companies giving charities, taking care of the environment, being sympathetic to workers or assisting their communities with expectations of financial gains remain a controversial subject (Bacher, 2007, p 12) The right definition of corporate social responsibility becomes more difficult when real business examples are taken into consideration. For instance, was Google acting in a publicly accountable manner when it put up with the Chinese law by sieving the content found through its google .cn search engine? Was UBS Bank acting socially responsible by opting to spend investors’ money to willingly reduce its carbon emission to attend to global warming when there is no legal duty to so. Does Heineken beer firm offer costly HIV/AIDS medication to its African workers and their beneficiaries if this is not anticipate d to bring financial gain to the company? In order to address these questions, it is essential to examine why firms go beyond the bottom line in an attempt to defend their CSR (Adams & Zutshi, 2004, p 32). A possible definition of CSR holds that the idea of social responsibilities presumes that the company has not only economic and lawful obligations, but also definite duties to the community, which go beyond these duties. Another explanation states that social responsibility is the duty of decision makers to take actions that guard and enhance the wellbeing of society as a whole along with their own interests. CSR is also taken to mean the continuing commitment by businesses to act ethically and contribute to economic development whilst enhancing the quality of life of the employees and their relations, the local community and the wider society, as well. Several elements found in various definitions suggest that corporations have duties that go beyond their bottom line (that, is, p roduction of goods and services at a gain). These duties entail helping unravel significant social problems, which the business itself has helped create (Adams, 2008, p 366). Companies have a wider constituency than shareholders only. Organizations serve a broader assortment of human values than can be captured by a sole focus on economic values. Narrower points of view on CSR hold that businesses have two main responsibilities. One is to abide by the elementary canons of each day face to face civility and to seek material gain. The second duty is the fiduciary obligation to investors (owners) is the bedrock of capitalism, and free enterprise will dry up without it. As such, definitions of CSR fall under two broad schools of thought: those with the view that business is mandated only to make profits within the boundaries of minimal ethical and legal compliance. The other school of thought holds that CSR entails broader responsibilities. Numerous factors and influences have resulted in mounting attention being devoted to the role of businesses and corporate social responsibility. They comprise of sustainable development, globalization, corporate sector impact, governance, finance, communications, ethics, leadership, business tool and consistency

Literature Comparative Analysis

Literature Comparative Analysis An Encounter by James Joyce deals with the theme of a persons yearn for escapism from the monotonous routine of day-to-day life through the tale of a day in which two young boys are miching from school a feeling which most, if not all, people will experience at some point in their lives. In this story, Joyce suggests to the reader that although people yearn for escape and adventure, routine is inevitable, and new experiences, when they do come, can be profoundly disturbing. The author achieves this through his incorporation of ambiguity, epiphany and writing through first person narrative, with inner monologue to highlight the consciousness of the protagonist and also to subtly divulge the feelings of others. The theme of paralysis is key to Joyces work; the notion is inherent throughout Dubliners as a whole. With this idea comes its antithesis escape or, in the case of An Encounter, thwarted escape. It is because of the characters desire to achieve this freedom, that when the day fails to reach its high expectations, the stagnation and restrictiveness of the surroundings are powerfully reinforced. From the outset of the tale, Joyce ponders the notion of escape. Characters searching for such an escape often describe how they would wish to travel afar to achieve it. This feeling is openly exhibited in An Encounter, as Joyces first person narrator states; Real adventures, I reflected, do not happen to people who remain at home: they must be sought abroad. In the story, Joyce develops the theme in the form of an inner monologue the thoughts of the protagonist dictating how his Wild West' adventures opened doors of escape. The thought processes of the boy (relating to escape) are ultimately what drive the tale, quietly conveyed by Joyce through subtle details. An Encounter deals with methods of escape other than exotic foreign adventure found elsewhere in Dubliners, focusing on the attempt of two boys to break out of the weariness of their everyday environment. At first the prospect of adventure excites the young boys, although there is a constant undertone of anti-climax carefully intertwined into the story. Joyce writes from the first person point view, often through the use of analepses, leading to a frequent air of restriction and frustration surrounding the boys. Quite often, Joyce does not commit any impassioned emotion to events, preferring to use lacklustre qualifying adverbs or adjectives: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦We were all vaguely excitedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ it was a mild sunny morning. Joyce chooses to focus in on the most insipid details such as the docile horsesthe groaning carts which works to suppress the carefree, exciting experience which the boys see as an escapism from their jaded routine. The negativity which is now apparent in almo st everything encountered appears to be an entrapping agent over the boys, who sulk into a resigned and somewhat resentful state, a state which is furthermore reiterated by the repetition of the adverb too: It was too late and we were too tired to carry out our project of visiting the Pigeon House. Joyce presents Dublin as a city of incapacitation to the young characters. He begins to erase the protagonists claim; I was very happy, from the readers memory, introducing words such as solemn, sedulous and eventually even denotes the characters thoughts as jaded. There is constant repetition of the adjective tired; the day has become tedious, adventure and escape have proved elusive, and the encounter of a sinister old man has confirmed that the protagonist will not find merriment in Dublin, but is instead doomed to live in the fantasies of comic book and literature. However, despite its lack of event, the day does provide the boys with one notable incident through the scene encapsulating the encounter with the old man. Aspirations of escape having been superseded, Joyce begins a new paragraph focusing primarily on the silence and stillness of the situation: There was nobody but ourselves in the fieldwe had lain on the bank for some time without speaking. Through creating such an ominous atmosphere; sentences slowly becoming shorter and more concise with a less picturesque use of vocabulary, signalling new themes to be introduced through the introduction of the curious antagonist. The old man introduces the possibility of in-depth monologue and direct speech. In the conversation with the boys, he seemingly manages to entrap the young protagonist with his reference to literature a topic of known interest to the boy. The monotonous voice of the antagonist and the way his voice slowly circles round and round in the same orbit help to achieve the spellbinding quality of the man. This technique paralyses the narrator, who seemingly allows the man to give a discourse in the form of a monologue mainly due to his apparent inability to interrupt. The politeness evident in the boys character is in hindsight, far from being useful, instead placing the boy in a situation of danger. The worrying feature of the mans discourse is the implicitly perverse way in which he speaks. He frequently refers to the whipping'of young boys with an over-excitable zeal. Joyces primary use of such adjectives as magnetised and circle in reference to his thought process establishes the mans odd approach. This creates the impression that he is intent on the subject. Secondly, a section of reported speech is introduced: When a boy was rough and unruly there was nothing would do him any good but a good sound whippingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ what he wanted was to get a nice warm whipping. Joyce emphasises the mans positive outlook on the subject through the use of positive repetition; of the word good, firstly as a noun, secondly as an adjective, and also use of the adjective nice, which appears somewhat misplaced when used in conjunction with the concept of whipping. The protagonists isolation from intellectuals due to young age and low social class means he is quick to warm to the old man when he talks of literature. In the epiphany, he even appears isolated from his closest friend, Mahoney, and it appears to that the epiphany of the piece (from the young boys perspective) confirms that the older man has had a profound influence on his views. It appears that the isolation of the naÃÆ' ¯ve child has left him susceptible to corruption and the encounter has left the boy and the reader with the realisation that the world is not an innocent place. The Pit and the Pendulum by Edgar Allan Poe, like The Encounter, is concerned with entrapment, but unlike Joyces tale, is centred on one individual and the terror he experiences when in isolation. The protagonist, a prisoner subject to the tortures of the Spanish inquisition, is often left thinking of what may be the surrounding atmosphere offering no apparent subjects for the character to focus on. Poe incorporates a feeling of perpetual unease and fear into the thought processes of his first person narrator, leaving the reader in a parallel state of mind as they experience the horror of the protagonists situation. The perspective that the reader is allowed on Poe choosing a first person narrator gives the reader a stronger feeling of isolation due to our constant awareness of the innermost feelings of the protagonist. The narrative does not, unlike a third person perspective, allow the audience to transcend the situation, providing direct access to the horror which is occurring on the page. There is also no direct speech in the story. This fact reinforces the idea of isolation in the way that the protagonist has no need to speak due to absolute solitude. Poes use of highly descriptive language, incorporating frequent use of alliteration and anaphora, escalates the terror and entrapment suffered by the protagonist, focusing heavily on the senses even before the ghastly prospects of the character are realised, resulting in a heightened state of suspense. The odour of the sharp steel forced itself into my nostrils. I prayed I wearied heaven with my prayer for its more speedy descent. I grew frantically mad, and struggled to force myself upward against the sweep of the fearful scimitar. And then I fell suddenly calm, and lay smiling at the glittering deathà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ To accomplish the desired atmosphere for such the tortured fate of the narrator, Poe describes the physical surroundings of the protagonist in some detail. The subterranean world of darkness becomes a perfect agent to carry an unnerving, mystifying atmosphere. Further concern for the protagonist is drawn from the constant reference to his fatigued' state and also the dangerously moist and slippery characteristics of the chamber his elusive surroundings becoming the antagonist of the story in the absence of any other companion. The tension generated relies heavily on Poes use of a sequence of brief sentences as the protagonist encounters The Pit, representing his calm and clear thought even in the throes of fear: I proceeded for many paces; but still all was blackness and vacancy. I breathed more freely. However, as the narrator becomes evermore aware of the horrific situation, Poe mirrors his mounting terror through increasingly complex syntax, resulting in a faster movement of thought and a growing sensation of confusion: The difficulty, nevertheless, was but trivial; although, in the disorder of my fancy, it seemed at first insuperable. Eventually, as the narrator gradually uncovers the secrets of his confinement, a greater sense of danger inside him is realised. Poe displays this through an ever quickening pace and complex sentences. giving the effect of total bemusement and terror. Quite suddenly, with a simple sentence, out of step with the ever-increasing complexity of the syntax the climax of the characters investigation is revealed: I stepped on it, and fell violently on my face. With this inclusion, Poe signals to the reader that the tension has peaked. The fact that the piece is written in the form of a first person narrative suggests that the protagonist is reminiscing about his ordeal, and that ultimately the piece will not end in his death. The narrators salvation is assured when General Lasalle of the French army comes to the rescue. Poe chooses at the end of his tale, unlike the other events of the story, to dramatically reduce proceedings; deciding to summarise the rescue in a short paragraph, in an anti-climatic fashion: The fiery walls rushed back!.. The French army had entered Toledo. Throughout the tale, the narrator maintains the capacity to recount faithfully and rationally his surroundings while also describing his own emotional turmoil. Terrified and alone as the narrator may be, with the pendulum symbolising deaths literal unstoppable sway, he does not lose hope of salvation, instead recruiting his rational senses and using the starved rats for his own benefit. Along with being a tale of horror, it also shows the nature of human resolve in a seemingly impossible situation; faced with horrific trials and the realisation of deaths inevitability, the human beings instinct for self-preservation remains, in itself, an unstoppable force. Alice Munros short story Floating Bridge is a story of domestic realism about learning to accept the tentative nature of human life and an exploration of the many challenges posed by cancer and its arduous, disfiguring treatments. Like Joyces The Encounter, the protagonist has a chance meeting with a stranger with leads them to re-evaluate their outlook on life. Also, like Poes The Pit and the Pendulum, the protagonist is, too, faced with the prospects of both death and salvation. Floating Bridge is written in the first person narrative, the protagonist is a cancer sufferer named Jinny, whose life is divided into the time before the diagnosis and the time after. The understated and restrained language and rhythm of the prose, suggesting Jinnys resigned acceptance of her illness and her impending death, is sustained throughout, even though at the very beginning of the story, Jinny has learned that her cancer has entered a stage of remission. Because she has already accepted the relative freedom from responsibility that knowledge of her incurable disease gave her, she shows no exuberance at this new knowledge that she has more time than she thought she did. On the day in which the story is set, the doctor has told her that there is reason for cautious optimism, but this does not make Jinny feel better. Before, she was relatively sure of her future, knowing that she had little time left in her life. This new information forces her to go back and start the year all over again, removing a certain low-grade freedom from her life. The new knowledge has removed a dull, protecting membrane she did not even know was there and leaves her feeling raw and vulnerable. Since learning of her illness, she has felt a kind of unspeakable excitement that results when a disaster releases one from responsibility for her life. Now that is gone and a feeling of apathy remains. She reflects on a time she left her husband, Neal, briefly to sit in a bus shelter near her home, reading graffiti on the wall and identifying with people who have left messages there. When she returns home, she asks Neal if he would ever have come after her, and he says: Of course. Gi ven time. Neals detached attitude toward Jinny and his cavalier treatment of her despite her life-threatening illness is an undercurrent that runs throughout the story. Part of Jinnys emotional turmoil at the time of the story stems from Neals excited reaction to Helen. He becomes more animated, enthusiastic, and ingratiating around her, as he often does around other people. Helen has a fresh out-of-the-egg look, and Jinny thinks that everything about her is right on the surface, which gives her an innocent and disagreeable power. Neal teases Helen, his whole being invaded with silly bliss. It is not that Neal desires Helen; rather, it is that her innocence and simplicity seem a welcome relief from the complexity of Jinnys situation. When they arrive at the trailer park where Helens foster parents live, they are invited in, but Jinny wants to stay outside. There is a strong feeling of isolation or the time that Jinny is waiting for Neal to return; he has accepted the invitation while Jinny, his sick wife, is left alone, tired and overly hot from the daytime temperature. The meeting of seventeen-year-old Ricky creates a similar reaction in Jinny as to her husbands feelings towards Helen. There appears to be an instant chemistry between the pair. A sense of connection is established when they discover that they both choose not to wear a watch. It seems in Jinnys sense of isolation, something as mundane as this is enough to cling to. In contrast to her husband, Ricky shows simple consideration to her by offering her a ride home. It is then that Munro takes the reader away from realism and introduces an almost magical element with Rickys innocent simplicity in his desire to show her the floating bridge where he takes his girlfriends, allowing the reader and Jinny herself to forget momentarily about her illness and the self-consciousness she feels over her baldness; his kiss providing an innocent acceptance of her, regardless of these things. When Jinny is on the floating bridge, she imagines that the road is a floating ribbon of earth, underneath which is all water. After the kiss, Jinny thinks of Neal getting his fortune told, rocking on the edge of his future, and accepts the tentative nature of her own future, feeling a lighthearted compassion for Neal. Rickys interest serves to remind her that she is still alive and capable of adventure and secrets. The most problematic subject of the story is Neals treatment of Jinny, which seems, if not cruel, at least unfeeling. The reader may feel he is much too excited by the presence of the young girl Helen and much too indifferent to Jinnys plight. However, there is nothing to suggest that he does not love Jinny. . He, too, is on a shifting floating bridge, trying to find something to cling to, even if it is of such little substance as an innocent young girl who is healthy and sound. Similarly, there is nothing to suggest that the young man, Ricky, at the end of the story has any desire for Jinny. In contrast to the messy complexity of her life, his kiss is the epitome of innocent acceptance, instilling in her a tender-hearted sort of compassion. The storys structure plays a balancing act similar to that required of walking on a floating bridge. The firmness of solid ground is only an illusion; all around lies the danger of loss of self. However, even though the bridge seems to be shiftin g and tentative, it is sufficient if one is content to live in the realm of the unsure. Munros story effectively reflects this tentative and delicate balancing. In all three stories which I have detailed, it is the writers subject matter and careful narrative technique which enrich our reading of them, allowing the reader not only pleasure and entertainment, but to view their lives more clearly. To enable the reader to truly engross themselves in a work of fiction, the story must be intellectually challenging and appeal to our senses and our own life experience. Joyce, Poe and Munro propitiously accomplish this, proving themselves as true masters of their art.

Plato vs Aristotle Essay

Theatre is said to be a performing art that is always changing and whose every performance is unique (Downs 472). While there is a set definition of theatre, there hasn’t been a set reason as to why we do theatre, and many people such as Aristotle and Plato have come to a disagreement as to what that very nature is. However as a Christian I would have to say that I disagree with the philosophy of Plato and do believe that theatre helps open the mind of the viewers to see the world through a whole different lens. Plato argues that theatre should only be allowed if we ensure that it contains only characters that are suitable as role models, because it manipulates the way people think and make them forget who they are (Downs 6-7). However I believe that Plato really didn’t want viewers to see the world as it really was. It’s like Plato along with those who installed these beliefs in him wanted us to see a picture perfect world that didn’t really exist. The sad thing is that to some extent the government still control the way we view things through other entertainment. Plato’s view reminds me of the Christian nature. Take North Central and all their rules, for example. â€Å"Students may not work or attend any event that serves alcohol, students are not permitted to visit any other students of the opposite sex outside of visitation hours, students are only permitted to watch movies rated PG 13 on campus, students aren’t allowed any piercings but ears and nose and if they have any others, it shall be removed, they are only allowed to change their hair to natural colors, and the restrictions of certain websites such as Victoria secret etc, during internet usage (NCU Student Guide). It’s like they are telling us that we can express ourselves in however we choose to, but at the same time putting a line up as to how far we can go and choices as to the only ways we can express ourselves, afraid that how we dress, what we watch, listen to and do is going to stop us from being Christians. But no matter how many rules there are, North Central can’t become this picture perfect place, they can’t hide how life really is and form us into something we are not. I understand that they want to protect us and do what’s best. However hiding how things really are by putting us into a shell only makes things more complicated in the end. According to Webster’s dictionary, a role-model is a person whose behavior in a particular role is imitated by others (Webster Online). Plato said that theatre should only be allowed if they have characters that are role models (Downs 7), but who determines what or who a good role model is? A role model isn’t just one particular type of person. A role model can come in many different forms. Most people look for role models who have been through what they have been through, and overcame obstacles they faced in life that the particular imitator is still trying to overcome. Besides, if Plato suggests that characters act as role models to be able to be in theatre does that mean he didn’t mind if they weren’t role models off stage? Aristotle said â€Å"nature tends towards perfection, but doesn’t always attain it. † We tend to be healthy but become sick, we tend to be non-violent but there’s war, we tend toward love but there is hate. Therefore, we need art and theatre to correct the deficiencies of nature by clarifying, interpreting, and idealizing life (Downs 7). I feel like this is true in so many ways, We tend to try to be perfect in everything that we do that it has in a way became our human nature. There isn’t a need to be perfect, and as a Christian we all know that nobody is and will ever be perfect accept for God. We are all going to make mistakes in everything that we do, but instead of trying to cover up those mistakes, to cover up the flaws in our society to make it seem like we have a this perfect world, why not take the time to learn from them. Theatre gives us the chance to view our world from a different perspective and open our minds to changing the way we go about things and the way we think. Not necessarily in a negative way but a positive way. I don’t think theatre is there to corrupt our minds and make us change who we are completely, but just help us expand on our outlook on life. We go on in life looking at the world as we are and as we see it and get caught up into our on daily lives and think that we are in so much need that we tend to forget those that are in greater need right in front of us. We get so carried away that everyone in a while I have to even stop myself and ask God to help me see things through his perspective and not my own, otherwise majority of time we miss out on what’s important the most. In the bible, 1 Corinthians 9:22 it states, â€Å"To the weak I became weak, to win the weak. I have become all things to all people so that by all possible means I might save some (NIV Bible). Theatre is there to become what we are in a since, to hopefully reach us at our own level to save us from becoming worse than we are today. Although theatre is not the only thing that shapes us, it is one of the many aspects of life that can help us mode us into who we are, what we do, and how we thing. After I believe God gave us all our individual gifts to become like others so that we are able to be a witness to them and share his message in a way that others will understand. Work Cited Dictionary and Thesaurus – Merriam-Webster Online. Web. 26 Jan. 2011. . Downs, Williams M. , Lou A. Wright, and Erik Ramsey. The Art of Theatre Then and Now. 2nd ed. Boston: Rosenberg, 2010. Print. Downs, Williams M. , Lou A. Wright, and Erik Ramsey. The Art of Theatre Then and Now. 2nd ed. Boston: Rosenberg, 2010. Print. Holy Bible. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007. Print. Student Guide, North Central University, 2010. Print.

Importing a Foreign Product in Bangladesh

INDEPENDENT UNIVERSITY BANGLADESH [pic] NAME OF THE COURSE: INTERNATIONAL MARKETING SUBJECT CODE: MKT 401 NAME OF THE INSTRUCTOR: ABUL KHAIR JYOTE SECTION: 01 NAME OF THE GROUP: MUSTANG DATE OF SUBMISSION: 01/11/2012 NAME OF THE GROUP MEMBER NAME: ID: E-MAIL: NUMBER: ANAN ASHEQ AREFEEN 1020644 [email  protected] com 01719154064 MD. RIAZ SHOAIB 0910383 [email  protected] om 01673390837 FAHIM MUNTAQIM 0921111 [email  protected]@yahoo. com 01915483658 FAHAD HOSSAIN 0921338 [email  protected] com 01677676794 TAWSIF BIN MAKSUD 0910374 [email  protected] com 01671070843 White appliance is a foreign company and it’s trying to get in Bangladeshi market. In Bangladesh the average monthly income is about 500 dollar a month which is 35000 in Taka.So the income scale is medium. According to our survey we figured out that microwave oven is used by the people whose income scale is about 70000-80000 or higher in the month. If we consider the social class, we found the people from t he higher and higher middle class are using the microwave oven and the rest of the people are comfortable with the gas stove. In Bangladesh, the market of microwave oven is not that good enough. Our company cannot sustain in this limited amount of market. The company actually wants a huge market to do business.In this case, we got only one option and that s to expand the usage of microwave oven in the country and to do so we need to target a new segment. We can’t just work on only two classes. Rather we need to concentrate on the middle class and upcoming middle class people. To expand our market, we targeted the middle class and upcoming middle class families and to do so, we need to promote our product as a permanent need. For example, if we think of a house appliance, we always think about a tv, refrigerator, furniture etc. So we need to work in such a way that we can point that microwave oven is a must in a home appliance.We have gone thru most of the middle class familie s recently to get their opinion and found that they can actually afford to buy a micro wave oven. The cost of a microwave oven is about 7000-10000taka but the problem is the usage cost. They say microwave oven consumes lot of electricity and it creates a huge electricity bills which sometime get beyond affordability. Even most people believe the oven make food tastes bad. Many of them don’t know how to use the microwave oven; even many of them misinterpret the microwave oven that it is a source of cooking food.Yes of course microwave oven is a cooking product but it is not suitable for our Bangladeshi food habit. We cannot cook our food in microwave as it is made on European context. It is very good for ready made food. Since, Bangladeshi people are not habituated in ready made foods; we can promote the oven as a source of freshen up the food by heating it. So the factor that mostly will create problem interfering in Bangladeshi market is: 01. Huge amount of electricity consu mption 02. People misinterpret the product 03. People think oven make food taste badThe most important and common problem is the electricity consumption. Microwave really takes a huge quantity of electricity to operate. To sort out this problem we are concentrating on manufacturing as special kind of oven named the electric convection oven. In this oven it has a special device or an adaptor which make the oven consume less energy and heat the food like the typical microwave ovens. A table is given below Appliance |Temperature |Time |Energy |Cost | |Electric Oven |350 |1 hour |2. 0 kWh |11. 2 | |Electric Convection Oven |325 |1 hour |1. 39 kWh |5. 00 | |We’ve made a compare between the regular oven and our special oven and figured out in average people can actually save 6 taka in every one hour. People may be getting interested on our product because we have made it cost effective. We need to promote our product in a way so that people should realize that microwave oven is not a product to cook, rather it helps people to get the food fresh by heating it. People have misconception about the microwave oven that it makes food taste bad. We need to reduce such perception and imply that there is nothing to do with the tastes.It just heat up the food to make it fresh. Such promotion may get a huge response because nowadays people are getting busy day by day. Even in many families, both husband wife is doing job and therefore they don’t have much time for cooking. Even if we look at the bachelors, they still don’t get any time to cook. Microwave oven is the best solution to cope up with their busy days. In the segment of busy people they would get a relief of cooking several times a day. All they need to do is to cook food once a day and get fresh food all day by heating with microwave oven.We can also promote the product by giving a recipe based on microwave cooking as a bonus. In fact we will also provide them with special bowls suitable for mic rowaves. We can also provide a facility of membership card to a particular shopping mall where they can buy their necessary groceries in a minimum discount. In this way, people may get interest of buying our product. We can also make the microwave open which can be operated by the remote control. It will be easy for the users to operate it. The advantage of microwave oven is it makes the food fresh.Maximum people faced such problems in cooking and that is when food is been cooked in the afternoon, we prefer to have that in dinner too. So the food that was cooked in the afternoon need to heat up on the gas stove which makes the food dry. So to regain the previous taste, more spices and water should be given and again re cook the food which is very bothering and also it kills time too. In this case, microwave oven just heat up the food to make it fresh and it do not dry up the food which is an advantage.Tagline: Though we are manufacturing and marketing the product in Bangladesh for t he genuine people, I’ve considered THREE taglines â€Å"WHITES; FOR THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE, WITH THE PEOPLE† â€Å"LEMONY FRESH 24HR† â€Å"HEAT IT, FRESH IT† Thing we need to think is that how will we actually enter the market after targeting our customer. We first thought about making a permanent factory to get the market permanently but we cannot do that for many circumstances. The Bangladeshi infrastructure is not suitable for our company. Moreover in Bangladesh, political turmoil, labor strike and most important problem load shedding is the daily situation.Our company cannot sustain with these problem. In this situation we are planning to get involve to a domestic company in Bangladesh in joint venture. We are interested of making a joint venture with Walton. Walton doesn’t manufacture micro ovens. So it might be a good opportunity for them to make a new segment of product in their company and we have the advantage of using their infrastruc ture. More over we can make a deal with them such as we will make the factory jointly by spreading 50/50 and our company will provide all the necessary machineries. Walton will maintain and hire the labor to manufacture our product.Walton and whites works in a joint venture and so we can use their distribution channel. In the contract of joint venture we will offer them 70/30 profit and bargain the profit margin up to 40%. Then we will also bargain about the selling of our manufacturing product. We will try to convince them allow us to sell our product on the other Asian countries by exporting. Such as if 100 micro ovens are manufactured in the industry of joint venture, 50 micro ovens will be sold in the Bangladeshi market and there would be a 50/50 profit share on the first fifty ovens.Then they must allow us to sell the other 50 micro ovens to other Asian countries by exporting thru Walton and we would give them 20% profit or may bargain up to 30% for the last 50 products. Accord ing to the contract Walton will maintain the labor cost and we have the right to employ our own expert representatives to watch out the both the internal and external situation. Our company wills not toler any trade union inside the venture premises. Government officers are not allowed as deputation. Yearly audit should be done by the renowned auditors.Finally Walton cannot terminate this joint venture within 10yrs. It would be good for both of us because Walton got a new segment of their product line, and they can make some extra profit from the product and our benefit is our market is been diversifying. In fact the best advantage we got in this joint venture is reducing the labor cost as the labor cost in Bangladesh is very cheap. The factory overhead cost is very cheap. People here actually want to do overtime job in a certain payment where in the western countries people don’t want to do job more than 8 hr.In our point of view, they should take the offer because by workin g with us, they might get many resourceful information, technologies, can train skilled workforce to develop their industry. The government might verify this thing and to develop their domestic industries they might be very co operative with us. For example we don’t need to give duty fee in the port, more over we might get a facility to export our product from the Bangladeshi port on behalf the Walton in a half tax rate. The disadvantage of this joint venture is the leak of technology and information.If the country’s national level business policy frequently changes, it may affect our company profit. The most important issue is the corruption. If the corruption can’t be controlled, law and order situation is not good in the country and lack of good governance may create a huge problem in this joint venture. Working in Bangladesh as a joint venture it saves a lot of money because it has less responsibility such as labor cost and maintains, political turmoil, load shedding etc. The home country would take care of these. The process we are saving a huge budget is called the economy of scale as it utilize the money very efficient way.Establishing a factory in Bangladeshi premises would cost lot of money. We believe our company is working not only for the highest income category or group but for the every level of people. We are highly dedicated on fulfilling the customer need. We don’t work just for a profit. Considering the people’s need and the income status, we offer a facility of buying our product in an installment. People can buy our product in 3 month Period installment. It might be a chance of encouraging people to buy our product. To inform the people about our product, we choose to make commercial advertisement in various public channels.Nowadays cooking program in TV channels has gained a good reputation. In this case, what we can do is to sponsor a cooking program or we can arrange such program in TV channels based on the recipe which is related on microwave cooking. For some reason, if the budget gets tight, we will request some of those cooking programs to use our microwave and influence indirectly the audience to buy our product. We can also promote our product by giving the opportunity of demo using in the retail stores in the country. We also can arrange a flash mob in the busiest locality to get the product in the peoples mind.We can also sponsor many inter country sports to spread the name of our product. In the last step we will also try a pilot operation on marketing our product in the Bangladesh defenses especially in the Army. The name of this pilot operation is called â€Å"THE VETERAN†. In the hill tracks or in the borders our soldiers face a lot of problem on getting fresh food. They often complained about it. They can’t get fresh food just because in those areas they are in the call of duty for the nation. They are not authorized to leave their position or to return their barracks for the sake of the country’s safety.Yes there are cooking facilities in the barrack but there is certain time of three days meal. If a person misses that time, he or she will not be allowed to get the meal. So in this case, they have to cook it for their own. Now the soldiers in the duty cannot often return in time. In this case, they don’t need to cook again rather all they need to do is to heat up the meal. So to sort out such problem, we might influence them to use our product in 20% discount rate. This discount is named as the veteran rate. We are not actually just doing business but we also took the oath of serving our nation.